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ENGLISH  FOR  S^ 

;OMING  AMERICANS    I] 


^i^^eginner's  Reader— 3 


California 
Regional 
acility 


PETER  ROBERTS,  Ph.D. 


■^ci-Kirxsrvir 


x^yYT'""~"*'"'"""'^'^*  "•  ^tVHEKHfi'^'M^^K^'^^^'^'^'""' 


Ul 


.    OF  CALIFORNIA, 

I8RAPY 


ENGLISH  FOR 
COMING  AMERICANS 

Beginner's   Reader— 3 


PETER  ROBERTS,  Ph.D. 


ASSOCIATION     PRESS 

New    York:     347    Madison    Avenub 
1918 


52062 


Copyright,  1916,  by  The 

International  Committee  of  Younq  Men's 

Christian  Associations 


PL 
1  la^ 

PREFACE 

Coming  Americans,  who  have  studied  English  in 
the  Preparatory  Course,  and  the  Beginner's  Readers 
Nos.  I  and  2,  have  had  training  in  grammar  that 
enables  them  to  know  the  parts  of  speech,  the  modifica- 
tion of  words,  and  the  place  of  words  in  simple  sen- 
tences. This  (No.  3)  short  course  continues  the  in- 
struction, reviewing  much  of  the  work  already  given, 
helping  the  students  to  analyze  simple  sentences,  and 
illustrating  simple  rules  in  syntax.  If  the  teacher 
patiently  carries  out  the  suggestions  made  in  each 
lesson,  the  pupils  will  get  that  knowledge  of  the 
structure  of  words  and  sentences  which  will  help  them 
in  talking  and  writing. 

Teachers  will  do  well  to  give  continual  attention  to 
spelling  and  pronunciation.  These  can  only  be  mas- 
tered by  foreign-speaking  persons  when  trained  by 
native  born  instructors  who  spell  correctly  and  enun- 
ciate clearly.  No  lesson  should  pass  without  careful 
attention  being  given  to  these. 


CONTENTS 
The  Story  of  Hans 

PAGE 

I.  The  Broom  Boy i 

II.  Selling  the  Brooms 4 

III.  Hans   Making  a  Cart 7 

IV.  Hans'  Home 10 

V.  Hans'  Trials 13 

VI.  Hans  in  Favor 16 

VII.  Hans  Meets  a  Friend 19 

VIII.  Hans  and  His  Mother   in   Council.  22 

IX.  Hans'    Courtship 25 

X.  Hans    Married 28 

XI.  Hans'    Children 31 

XII.  Hans   in  Wealth 34 

The  Trials  of  Gerard 

XIII.  Pitying  the  Needy 38 

XIV.  Gerard  at   the   Feast 41 

XV.  Gerard  in  the  Tower 46 

XVI.  The  Pursuit 51 

XVII.  In  Quest  of  Food 55 

XVIII.  The  Bear  Loves  its  Cub 60 

XIX.  The   Shipwreck 65 

XX.  In    Rome 71 

XXI.  There  is  Good  in  Every  Man 75 

XXII.  News  from  Home 81 

iv 


The  Story  of  Hans 
i.   the  broom  boy 

Hans  lived  with  his  mother,  who  had  need  of 
him  to  fetch  water,  wood,  and  the  hke.  The 
father  was  dead,  and  the  mother  and  son  Hved 
on  the  love  of  God  and  good  people.  One  day 
the  farmer  they  lodged  with  said  to  Hans: 
"My  lad,  it  seems  to  me  that  you  might  try  to 
earn  something  now,  you  are  big  enough  and 
sharp  enough."  'T  wish  I  could,"  said  Hans, 
"but  I  don't  know  how."  "I  know  something 
you  could  do,"  said  the  farmer.  "Set  to  work 
to  make  brooms;  there  are  plenty  of  twigs  on 
my  willows.  I  only  get  them  stolen  as  it  is ;  so 
they  shall  not  cost  you  much.  You  shall  make 
me  two  brooms  a  year  for  them."  "Yes,  that 
would  be  very  fine  and  good,"  said  Hans,  "but 
where  shall  I  learn  to  make  brooms?"  "Well, 
there  is  no  such  trick  in  the  matter,"  said  the 
farmer.  "I'll  take  upon  me  the  teaching  of  you  ; 
many  a  year  now  I've  made  all  the  brooms  we 
use  on  the  farm  myself,  and  I'll  back  nwself  to 
make  as  good  as  are  made.  You'll  want  few 
tools,  and  may  use  mine  at  first."    All  this  was 


2  ENGLISH  FOR  COMING  AMERICANS 

done,  and  God's  blessing  came  on  the  doing-  of 
it.  Hans  took  a  fancy  to  the  work,  and  the 
farmer  was  well  pleased  with  Hans.  "Don't 
look  so  close;  put  in  all  that  is  needful,  do  the 
thing  well,  so  as  to  show  the  people  they  may 
put  confidence  in  you.  Once  get  their  trust, 
and  your  business  is  done,"  said  the  farmer; 
and  Hans  obeyed  him. 

MEMORIZE 

"All  nature  is  but  art  unknown  to  thee ; 

All  chance,  direction,  which  thou  can'st  not  see ; 
All  discord,  harmony — not  understood ; 
All  partial  evil,  universal  good." 

QUESTIONS  on  the  lesson 

Where  was  Hans  living?  Who  had  died?  Is  your 
father  living?  What  kind  of  a  mother  had  Hans? 
How  do  you  know  she  was  a  good  woman?  What 
did  Hans  do?  Where  did  he  get  the  water?  Where 
the  wood?  What  was  the  water  good  for?  (drink, 
cook,  wash,  etc.)  What  was  the  wood  good  for? 
Where  did  they  lodge?  How  much  of  a  house  did 
they  have?  Was  the  farmer  kind  to  them?  Where 
did  Hans'  mother  work?  Did  the  farmer  keep  her 
and  her  son?  Have  you  worked  on  a  farm?  Tell 
briefly  what  work  you  did.  What  did  the  farmer  say 
to  Hans?  How  old  do  you  think  Hans  was?  Do 
boys  of  twelve  years  generally  work  in  Europe?  Do 
boys  of  twelve  work  in  this  country?  What  could 
Hans  do  ?    Was  Hans  a  strong  and  sharp  boy  ?    What 


THE  BROOM  BOY  3 

work  did  the  farmer  propose  he  should  do?  Out  of 
what  were  brooms  made  ?  Where  did  the  twigs  grow  ? 
Where  were  the  willow  trees?  Who  stole  the  twigs, 
think  you  ?  Was  Hans  willing  to  try  the  work  ?  What 
was  his  difficulty  ?  Who  promised  to  teach  him?  Was 
the  farmer  a  good  broom  maker  ?  What  was  Hans  to 
pay  for  the  twigs?  Have  you  ever  made  a  broom? 
How  much  do  you  pay  for  a  broom  today?  Do  you 
think  that  Hans  got  forty  cents  each  for  his  brooms? 
Who  made  the  brooms  for  the  farmer's  family  ?  Where 
was  Hans  to  get  his  tools  from?  Did  the  farmer 
give  Hans  the  tools?  How  did  Hans  like  the  work? 
Whose  blessing  fell  on  it?  Do  workmen  want  God's 
blessing  on  their  work?  How  did  Hans  do  his  work? 
Did  Hans  skimp  in  the  number  of  twigs  he  first  put 
into  the  brooms?  What  advice  did  the  farmer  give 
him?  Why  was  he  told  to  be  liberal?  Can  you  do 
business  with  people  in  whom  you  have  no  confidence? 
Did  Hans  obey?  From  the  story,  point  out  the  quali- 
ties of  Hans.  (Obedience,  ambition,  thrift,  pride,  self- 
reliance.)  Point  out  the  qualities  of  the  farmer. 
(Kindness,  patience,  wisdom,  sympathy,  appreciation.) 
Let  the  pupils  tell  what  parts  of  the  story  reveal  these 
qualities. 

GRAMMAR  EXERCISE 

A  Verb  is  a  word  that  says  or  asserts  something: 
as,  "The  man  runs" ;  "The  fire  hums" ;  "The  child 
plays." 

In  the  first  sentence  ask  what  parts  of  speech  are 
zi'ho,  need,  like.  W^hat  are  they  in  the  following  sen- 
tences: "IVIio  knocks?"  "I  need  thee  every  hour." 
"I  like  the  walk."     "This  rose  is  like  that."     Let  the 


4  ENGLISH  FOR  COMING  AMERICANS 

pupils  state  what  are  relative  and  interrogative  pro- 
nouns.    What  parts  of  speech  are :  "Big  enough  and 
sharp  enough"?    To  what  noun  do  they  refer? 
Explain  "don't,"  "ril,"  "you'll." 
Ask  what  part  of  speech  is  "something." 
Let  the  pupils  give  the  principal  parts  of  the  verbs : 
steal,  cost,  learn,  put,  may;  as,  "I  steal,  I  stole,  I  have 
stolen." 

Ask  what  parts  of  speech  are  "yes,"  "well." 
Call  attention  to  the  noun,  "teaching"  and  the  verb, 
"teach."  Let  the  pupils  form  similar  nouns  from  the 
verbs :  run,  jump,  throw,  strike,  fall,  do.  Let  six 
pupils  write  six  sentences  on  the  blackboard :  as,  "The 
running  was  good."  What  is  the  difference  between 
"well"  and  "good"  ?  Use  the  words  in  sentences.  Ask 
for  the  comparison  of  each. 

Explain  the  phrase,  "I'll  back  myself." 
Observe  that  the  word  "close"  is  an  adverb  qualify- 
ing   "look."      The    word    generally    used    would    be 
"closely."      Ask    what   part    of    speech    is   so   before 
"close." 

For  home  work,  let  the  pupils  write  out  sentences 
using  the  words ;  need,  like,  water,  love,  lodge,  might, 
work,  cost,  use,  farm,  want,  fancy ;  using  them  as 
nouns  and  verbs;  as,  "I  need  my  rest";  "My  need  is 
great." 


II.     SELLING  THE  BROOMS 

At  first,  Hans  found  that  business  did  not 
grow  very  fast.    Yet  he  sold  all  he  made.    As 


SELLING  THE  BROOMS  5 

he  became  quicker  in  the  making,  the  number 
of  buyers  grew.  Soon,  everybody  said  that  no 
one  had  such  pretty  brooms  as  Hans,  and  the 
more  he  sold  the  harder  he  worked.  His  mother 
soon  became  happier  and  more  cheerful.  "Now 
the  battle  is  won,"  said  she.  "As  soon  as  one 
can  gain  one's  bread  honorably,  one  has  the 
right  to  enjoy  oneself ;  and  what  can  one  want 
more?"  Always,  from  this  time,  she  had  as 
much  as  she  liked  to  eat;  nay,  even  every  day 
there  was  something  for  the  next;  and  she 
could  have  as  much  bread  as  she  liked.  Indeed, 
Hans  very  often  brought  her  even  a  little  white 
bread  from  town,  and  she  felt  herself  most 
happy.  How  she  thanked  God  for  having  kept 
so  many  good  things  for  her  old  days. 

Hans  was  not  happy.  Indeed,  he  began  to 
grumble.  "Things  cannot  go  on  much  longer 
this  way.  He  could  not  put  up  with  it."  When 
the  farmer  at  last  set  himself  to  find  out  what 
that  meant,  Hans  said:  "I  have  too  many 
brooms  to  carry.  I  want  a  cart  to  carry  them  to 
market,  and  have  no  money  to  buy  one."  "You 
are  a  gaby,"  said  the  farmer.  "Look  you,  I 
won't  have  you  become  one  of  those  people  who 
think  a  thing's  done  as  soon  as  they've  dreamed 
it.  That's  the  way  one  spends  one's  money  to 
make  the  fish  go  into  other  people's  nets.  You 
want  to  buy  a  cart,  do  you?     Why  don't  you 


6  ENGLISH  FOR  COMING  AMERICANS 

make    one    yourself?"      Hans    stared    at    the 
farmer  with  open  mouth  and  great  eyes. 

MEMORIZE 

"Manners  are  more  important  than  laws. 
Upon  them,  in  a  great  measure,  laws  depend. 
The  law  touches  us  but  here  and  there,  and 
now  and  then.  Manners  are  what  vex  or 
soothe,  corrupt  or  purify,  exalt  or  debase, 
barbarize  or  refine.  They  give  their  whole 
form  and  color  to  our  lives." 

QUESTIONS  on  the  lesson 

Call  special  attention  to  Hans'  filial  love,  the  reason 
for  his  success,  the  condition  of  the  family  before  and 
after  prosperity,  the  gratitude  of  the  mother,  the  rest- 
lessness of  Hans,  and  the  self-reliance  suggested  by 
the  farmer. 

GRAMMAR  EXERCISE 

Verbs  are  divided  into  Transitive  and  Intransitive, 

according  to  their  meaning. 

Transitive  Verbs  pass  the  action  to  the  object:  as, 
"I  shut  the  door." 

Intransitive  Verbs  limit  the  action  to  the  doer:  as, 
"I  sleep";  "John  runs  fast." 

Let  the  pupils  classify  the  verbs  in  the  first  part  of 
the  lesson  into  transitive  and  intransitive. 

Observe  the  words :  "business,"  "buyers,"  "cheerful," 
"farmer."  These  are  formed  from :  busy,  buy,  cheer, 
and  farm.  Let  the  pupils  form  similar  words  from 
the  following  and  write  them  out:  ready,  lofty,  godly; 
run,  sell,  cut;  hope,  faith,  joy;  work,  labor,  sow. 


HANS  MAKING  A  CART  7 

Ask  for  the  principal  parts  of  the  following  verbs: 
grow,  sell,  become,  win,  can,  eat,  begin,  do,  go.  Spell 
all  the  words. 

Explain  "the  battle  is  won." 

Let  the  pupils  classify  the  following  pronouns:  he, 
all,  everybody,  his,  she,  oneself,  what,  every,  some- 
thing, herself,  himself,  many.  Ask  for  the  definition 
of  a  pronoun. 

Review  the  five  groups  of  pronouns :  Personal, 
Demonstrative,  Interrogative,  Relative,  and  Indefinite. 

Collect  the  home  work. 

For  home  work,  let  the  pupils  form  sentences  using 
the  pronouns  given  above. 


III.     HANS  MAKING  A  CART 

''I  make  a  cart !"  said  Hans.  "However  shall 
I?  I  never  made  one."  "Gaby,"  answered  the 
farmer,  "one  must  make  everything  once  for 
the  first  time.  Take  courage,  and  it's  half  done. 
If  people  took  courage,  there  are  many  now 
carrying  the  beggar's  bag  who  would  have 
money  up  to  their  ears,  and  good  metal,  too." 
Hans  began  to  get  the  idea  little  by  little,  and 
as  winter  came  on  he  set  to  work.  He  got 
wood  at  little  cost  and  chipped  it.  The  farmer 
had  an  old  cart  which  served  Hans  as  a  model. 
What  his  friend  did  not  have,  he  got  from  one 
of  the  neighbors.    The  farmer  came  now  and 


8  ENGLISH  FOR  COMING  AMERICANS 

then  to  help  him.  In  the  spring,  the  cart  was 
ready,  and  it  had  only  cost  Hans  a  few  dollars. 
On  Easter  week,  Hans  took  his  brooms  to 
market  in  the  new  cart.  It  is  hard  to  form  a 
notion  of  the  joy  and  pride  that  this  new  cart 
gave  him.  It  seemed  to  him  that  everybody 
stopped,  as  they  passed,  to  look  at  his  cart.  He 
also  told  his  friends  that  his  cart  was  better  in 
many  ways  than  any  cart  yet  seen  in  the  world. 
He  said  that  it  went  of  itself,  and,  going  up 
hill,  all  he  need  do  was  to  touch  it  with  his 
hand.  A  cook  said  she  would  not  have  thought 
him  so  clever,  and  if  ever  she  wanted  a  cart, 
she  would  have  him  do  it.  After  this,  whenever 
the  cook  bought  a  broom,  Hans  gave  her  two 
little  ones  into  the  bargain,  to  sweep  out  the 
corners  with,  for  she  liked  to  have  everything 
clean,  even  the  corners.  His  cart  was  to  Hans 
his  farm.  He  worked  more  busily  than  ever, 
and  had  real  joy  in  it.  It  was  the  joy  of  getting 
things  done.  The  farmers  all  around  <were 
pleased  with  the  boy,  and  all  of  them  wished 
him  good  luck  and  were  always  glad  to  see  him. 

MEMORIZE 

"The  sad,  slow  dawn  of  winter ;  frozen  trees 
And  trampled  snow  within  a  lonely  wood; 
One  shrouded  form,  which  to  the  city  flees; 
And  one,  .a  masquer^  lying  in  his  blood." 


HANS  MAKING  A  CART  9 

QUESTIONS  on  the  lesson 

Emphasize  self-help;  neighborly  kindness;  the  ex- 
hilaration of  a  new  thing;  a  reciprocal  kindness. 

GRAMMAR  EXERCISE 

Some  verbs  are  used  only  in  the  third  person :  as. 
"It  rains,"  "It  snows,"  Those  verbs  are  called 
Impersonal  Verbs. 

Let  the  pupils  find  the  intransitive  verbs  in  the 
lesson.  Ask  what  kind  of  verb  is  in  the  sentence :  "It 
seemed  to  him." 

Ask  for  adjectives  before:  Cart,  Hans,  farmer,  gaby, 
courage,  and  people,  in  the  first  part  of  the  lesson. 

Test  the  pupils  in  spelling  all  the  nouns  in  the  lesson. 

Explain  "it's,"  "beggar's  bag,"  "it's  half  done." 

Let  the  pupils  write  on  the  blackboard:  "Two  men 
are  not  too  many  to  ride  in  a  buggy." 

Explain:  "Get  the  idea  little  by  little."  "Little  by 
little"  is  an  adverbial  phrase. 

Call  attention  to  "an  old  cart,  which,  etc.,''  and  "the 
farmer,  who,"  etc.  Ask  why  which  is  in  one  sentence, 
and  who  is  in  the  other? 

Call  attention  to:  "a  little  cost,"  and  "a  few  dollars." 
Little  refers  to  bulk,  feiv  refers  to  numbers.  The  same 
is  true  of  uuich  and  many.  Let  the  pupils  form  sen- 
tences illustrative  of  their  use. 

Why  has  Easter  a  capital? 
'  Explain  "His  cart  was  to  Hans  his  farm." 

Let  the  pupils  give  and  spell  the  adjectives  corre- 
sponding to  the  adverbs  in  the  story. 

Collect  the  home  work. 

For  home  work,  let  the  pupils  form  senteiices  using 


10  ENGLISH  FOR  COMING  AMERICANS 

the  following  words :  little,  enough,  few,  much,  many, 
any,  flock,  lock,  swarm,  warm,  herd,  heard,  hard,  two, 
toe,  tow. 


IV.     HANS'  HOME 

Hans'  mother  always  saw  that  as  soon  as  her 
son  got  home  there  was  enough  to  eat.  She 
knew  that  it  means  a  great  deal  whether  a 
man  finds  something  ready  to  eat,  when  he 
comes  home,  or  not.  He  who  knows  there  will 
be  something  at  home  does  not  stop  in  the 
saloon;  he  gets  home  with  an  empty  stomach, 
and  he  is  fed  and  is  highly  pleased  with  all 
about  him.  But  when  he  finds  nothing  ready 
when  he  gets  home,  he  stops  on  the  road,  comes 
in  when  he  has  had  enough  or  too  much,  and 
grumbles  right  and  left.  Hans  was  not  a  miser, 
but  thrifty.  For  things  really  useful  and  fit, 
he  did  not  look  at  the  money.  He  made  a  good 
bed  for  himself,  and  when  he  had  saved  enough 
to  buy  a  knife  or  a  good  tool,  he  was  quite  up 
in  the  air.  He  dressed  well,  not  gaily,  but 
solidly.  It  was  easily  seen  that  Hans  was  going 
up  in  the  world;  not  that  he  ever  put  on  any- 
thing fine,  but  he  was  clean  and  looked  care- 
fully after  his  things.  Indeed,  everybody  liked 
to  see  him,  and  was  glad  to  know  that  he  was 
getting  along,  not  by  fraud,  but  by  work.    With 


HANS'  HOME  11 

all  that,  he  never  forgot  his  prayers.  On  Sun- 
days he  made  no  brooms;  in  the  morning,  he 
went  to  hear  the  sermon,  and  in  the  afternoon 
he  read  a  chapter  of  the  Bible  to  his  mother, 
whose  sight  was  now  failing.  After  that,  he 
gave  himself  a  personal  treat.  This  treat  con- 
sisted in  bringing  out  all  his  money,  counting 
it,  looking  at  it,  seeing  how  much  it  had  grown, 
and  thinking  how  much  it  would  yet  grow.  In 
business  Hans  took  small  money  willingly 
enough,  but  never  kept  it  long ;  it  seemed  always 
to  him  that  the  wind  got  into  it  and  carried  it 
off  too  quickly.  The  new  white  silver  pieces 
gave  him  an  extreme  pleasure.  When  he  had 
managed  to  catch  a  fine  Swiss  dollar,  it  made 
him  happy  for  many  days. 

MEMORIZE 

"What  a  scene  must  a  battlefield  present. 
Thousands  are  left  without  help  and  without 
pity.  Amid  the  trampling  of  horses  and  the 
insults  of  an  enraged  foe,  their  wounds  bleed 
and  their  souls  are  in  torment.  No  one  is 
near  to  comfort,  no  well-known  voice  to 
soothe,  no  wife,  no  mother,  no  sister,  to 
smooth  the  brow,  to  relieve  the  thirst,  to  close 
their  eyes  in  death." 

QUESTIONS  on  the  lesson 

Emphasize  the  good  housewife;  Hans'  thrift  and  his 


12  ENGLISH  FOR  COMING  AMERICANS 

wisdom ;  the  elements  of  success ;  godliness ;  observ- 
ance of  Sunday;  enjoyment  of  honest  wealth. 


GRAMMAR  EXERCISE 

Transitive  Verbs  have  two  voices,  Active  and 
Passive. 

A  verb  is  in  the  Active  Voice  when  the  subject  of 
the  verb  acts :  as,  John  strikes  the  table. 

A  verb  is  in  the  Passive  Voice  when  the  subject  of 
the  verb  has  something  done  to  it:  as,  The  table  was 
struck  by  John. 

Intransitive  verbs  cannot  have  a  passive  voice. 

Write  the  six  following  verbs  on  the  blackboard  and 
let  the  pupils  form  sentences  in  the  active  and  passive 
voices :  See,  get,  know,  find,  save,  dress ;  as,  "I  see 
the  horse,"  "The  horse  was  seen  by  me." 

Observe :  "Hans'  mother."  Here  the  s  after  the 
apostrophe  is  omitted  because  of  the  .?  immediately 
before  it. 

Explain :  "grumbled  right  and  left"  ;  "he  was  quite 
up  in  the  air" ;  "going  up  in  the  world" ;  "the  wind  got 
into  it." 

Test  the  pupils  in  spelling  all  the  adjectives  in  the 
lesson. 

In  the  first  part  of  the  story,  show  how  the  verbs 
are  in  the  same  person  and  tense,  and  give  the  rule 
that  a  series  of  verbs  having  the  same  noun  must  be 
in  the  same  person. 

Ask  for  the  definition  of  an  adjective.  Recall  that 
adjectives  may  be  of  two  classes :  those  of  quality  and 
quantity,  or  number:  as,  "an  empty  stomach,"  "many 
days,"  etc. 


HANS'  TRIALS  13 

Ask  what  parts  of  speech  are:  "Carried  off  too 
quickly" ;  "Hans  willingly  enough  took  small  money." 

Collect  the  home  work. 

For  home  work,  let  the  students  classify  the  follow- 
ing adjectives  into  quantity  and  quality,  and  form 
sentences  of  them :  quick,  large,  one.  rich,  both,  small, 
high,  much,  little,  many,  some,  few,  poor. 


V.     HANS'  TRIALS 

Hans  had  his  trials.  It  was  a  bad  day  for 
him  when  he  lost  a  customer,  or  when  he  had 
thought  of  placing  a  dozen  brooms  anywhere 
and  found  himself  briskly  sent  from  the  door 
with:  "We've  got  all  we  want;  go  away."  At 
first,  this  troubled  him  very  much,  not  knowing 
that  there  are  people  who  change  their  cook  as 
often  as  their  shirt — sometimes  oftener — and 
that  he  couldn't  expect  new  cooks  to  know  him 
at  first  sight.  He  asked  himself:  "What  have 
I  failed  in?  Have  my  brooms  come  undone, 
or  has  anyone  spoken  ill  of  me?"  He  took  it 
much  to  heart,  and  would  plague  himself  all 
night  to  find  out  the  real  cause.  But  soon  he 
took  things  more  coolly,  and  when  a  cook  sent 
him  about  his  business,  he  thought  to  himself: 
"Bah!  cooks  are  human  beings,  like  other 
people;  and  when  the  master  or  mistress  has 
been  rough  with  them,  because  they  have  put 


14  ENGLISH  FOR  COMING  AMERICANS 

too  much  pepper  in  the  soup,  or  too  much  salt 
in  the  sauce,  or  when  their  lover  is  gone  to 
Newland,  the  poor  girls  have  the  right  to 
quarrel  with  somebody  else." 

Hans,  however,  was  a  man.  Whenever  one 
had  trod  on  his  toes,  she  must  be  very  clever 
afterwards  to  get  the  least  twig  of  a  broom 
from  him.  Every  time  she  tried,  Hans  said: 
"Fm  very  sorry,  I  haven't  a  broom  left  that 
will  suit  you."  The  parson's  wife  one  day  told 
him:  "You  are  just  like  other  people,  and  are 
satisfied  with  putting  a  few  long  twigs  all 
around,  and  then  bad  ones  in  the  middle." 
"Then  you  may  as  well  get  your  brooms  from 
somebody  else,"  said  Hans.  He  held  to  this  so 
well,  that  the  lady  died  without  ever  having 
been  able  to  get  the  shadow  of  a  broom  from 
him. 

Hans  also  found  that  the  cart  now  did  not 
go  of  itself,  as  it  did  at  first.  He  found  that  it 
pulled  too  hard,  and  that  something  must  be 
wrong  with  it.  He  was  obliged  to  stop,  take 
breath,  and  wipe  his  forehead. 

MEMORIZE 

"A  full  sun  blazing  with  unclouded  day, 

Till  the  bright  waters  mingle  with  the  sky; 
And  on  the  dazzling  verge,  uplifted  high, 
White  sails  mysterious  slowly  pass  away." 


HAIVS'  TRIALS  15 

QUESTIONS  on  the  lesson 

Bring  out  Hans'  sensitiveness ;  the  variety  of  people 
met  with ;  Hans'  stubbornness ;  the  harsh  judgment 
of  even  good  people. 

GRAMMAR  EXERCISE 

Verbs  have  four  moods :  Indicative,  Subjunctive, 
Imperative,  and  Infinitive. 

The  Indicative  Mood  is  a  verb  stating  that  an  action 
is  done,  has  been,  or  will  be  done,  or  asks  a  direct 
question:  as,  "James  talks";  "Who  suigs?" 

The  Subjunctive  Mood  is  a  verb  stating  that  an 
action  is  uncertain  or  depends  on  something  else :  as, 
"Love  not  sleep,  lest  it  bri)ig  thee  to  poverty." 

The  Imperative  Mood  is  a  verb  expressing  com- 
mand: as,  "Call  him  back." 

The  Infinitive  Mood  is  a  verb  simply  stating  what 
the  action  is :  as,  to  sing. 

Let  the  pupils  find  samples  of  the  verb  in  the  in- 
dicative, imperative,  and  infinitive  moods  in  the  first 
part  of  the  lesson. 

Ask  the  pupils  to  spell  and  define :  customer,  briskly, 
troubled,  plague,  quarrel,  clever,  afterwards,  parson, 
satisfied,  shadow,  obliged,  forehead. 

Explain :  "plague  himself" ;  "to  be  rough  with" ; 
"gone  to  Newland" ;  "tread  on  his  toes";  "get  the 
shadow  of  a  broom." 

Ask  for  the  comparison  of  the  following  adjectives: 
bad,  good,  much,  often,  new,  human,  poor,  thin, 
clever,  little,  hard.  Let  the  pupils  write  out  the  com- 
parison. 

Ask  for  other  forms  like:  "we've";  "couldn't";  etc. 


16  ENGLISH  FOR  COMING  AMERICANS 

Notice:  "Master,"  "mistress."  Call  attention  to  the 
gender  of  nouns,  and  ask  for  the  gender  of  boy,  child, 
stone,  parent,  uncle,  lass,  goose,  sheep,  cow,  king. 

Collect  the  home  work. 

For  home  work,  let  the  students  write  out  sentences 
using  the  following  words :  master,  mistress,  lad,  lass, 
bad,  worse,  fine,  ugly,  uglier,  stronger,  cow,  bull, 
honest,  most  honest. 


VI.    HANS  IN  FAVOR 

Hans  was  in  great  favor  with  the  farmers' 
wives.  They  never  had  been  in  the  habit  of 
setting  any  money  aside  for  buying  brooms; 
they  told  their  husbands  to  make  them.  But 
we  know  how  things  go  that  way.  Men  are  too 
lazy  to  get  fire  wood,  not  to  say  anything  about 
making  brooms.  So  the  loving  wives  were  in  a 
great  famine  of  brooms,  and  the  peace  of  the 
home  had  greatly  to  suffer  for  it.  But  Hans 
was  there  before  they  had  time  to  think,  and  it 
was  very  rarely  that  one  had  to  say  to  him: 
"Hans,  don't  forget  us;  we're  at  our  last 
broom."  Besides  this  favor  of  Hans',  his 
brooms  were  of  the  finest;  very  different  from 
the  wretched  things  which  one's  grumbling 
husband  tied  up  loose,  or  as  rough  and  rugged 
as  if  they  had  been  made  of  oat  straw. 


HANS  IN  FAVOR  17 

When  Hans  gave  a  broom  for  nothing-,  it 
was  not  the  worst  in  his  stock.  Besides  Q-etting: 
twigs  for  nothing,  all  the  year  around,  he  was 
getting  little  presents  in  bread  and  milk,  and 
such  kinds  of  things,  which  a  farmer's  wife  has 
always  under  her  hand,  and  which  she  gives 
without  looking  too  closely.  Also,  rarely  one 
churned  butter  without  saying  to  him :  ''Hans, 
we  beat  butter  tomorrow ;  if  you  like  to  bring  a 
pot,  you  shall  have  some  of  the  beaten."  And 
as  for  fruit,  he  had  more  than  he  could  eat  of 
it.  Thus,  things  going  on  in  this  way,  it  could 
not  fail  that  Hans  should  prosper.  He  was 
very  thrifty.  If  he  spent  as  much  as  a  dime  on 
the  day  he  went  to  the  town,  he  would  never 
spend  more.  In  the  morning,  his  mother  took 
care  he  had  a  good  breakfast,  after  which  he 
also  took  something  in  his  pocket,  and  then 
sometimes  here  and  sometimes  there,  one  gave 
him  a  morsel  in  the  kitchens  where  he  was  well 
known ;  and  finally  he  didn't  always  think  that 
he  ought  always  to  have  something  to  eat  the 
moment  he  had  a  mind  to  it. 

MEMORIZE 

"Look  not  mournfully  into  the  past,  it  comes 
not  back  again ;  wisely  improve  the  present, 
it  is  thine ;  go  forth  to  meet  the  shadowy 
future  without  fear,  and  with  a  manly  heart." 


18  ENGLISH  FOR  COMING  AMERICANS 

QUESTIONS  on  the  lesson 

Observe :  the  qualities  of  husbands ;  the  reward  of 
good  workmanship ;  the  reciprocity  of  friendship ;  and 
the  ways  of  thrift. 

GRAMMAR  EXERCISE 

Verbs  ending  in  ed,  en,  ing,  are  called  Participles. 

The  form  of  ing  is  called  the  Present  participle. 

The  forms  of  ed  and  en  are  called  the  Past  parti- 
ciples. 

Let  the  pupils  study :  Settm^  money  aside ;  buying 
brooms ;  making  brooms.  Here  the  participle  governs 
an  object. 

Sometimes  the  participle  is  used  as  an  adjective:  as, 
grumbh';/^  husbands ;  loving  wives. 

Notice  that  nouns  ending  in  ing  must  be  distin- 
guished from  participles:  as,  "The  building  (noun)  is 
fine."     "He  is  building  (participle)  a  house." 

Test  the  pupils  in  spelling  the  following  verbs :  is, 
tell,  make,  know,  go,  get,  say,  suffer,  think,  forget, 
grumble,  churn,  prosper.  Ask  them  to  give  the  prin- 
cipal parts  of  the  verbs  and  tell  which  are  regular  and 
which  irregular. 

Write  the  following  on  the  blackboard:  wife,  king, 
lion,  aunt,  prince,  duke,  heir,  actor,  murderer,  boy,  lad, 
hero,  peer,  giant,  count.  Let  the  students  write  the 
word  corresponding  in  gender. 

Ask  for  an  explanation  of:  "famine  of  brooms"; 
"at  our  last  broom" ;  "without  looking  too  closely" ; 
"there  before  they  had  time  to  think." 

What  parts  of  speech  are  the  following  words :  aside, 
finest,  grumbling,  worse,  without,  thrifty,  more,  some- 
times, always. 


HANS  MEETS  A  FRIEND  19 

Collect  the  home  work. 

For  home  work,  let  the  pupils  write  a  composition 
of  sixty  words  about  the  things  they  have  in  their 
rooms. 


VII.    HANS  MEETS  A  FRIEND 

Hans  came  to  a  place  where  the  women 
rested  their  baskets.  Upon  the  bench  sat  a 
young  girl,  holding  a  little  bundle  beside  her, 
and  shedding  hot  tears.  Hans,  who  had  a  kind 
heart,  asked  her  what  she  was  crying  for.  The 
young  girl  told  him :  "I  must  go  to  tow-n  and  I 
am  very  much  afraid.  Aly  father  is  a  shoe- 
maker and  all  his  best  customers  are  in  the 
town.  I  have  carried  my  bundle  of  shoes  for  a 
long  time  on  market  days,  and  nothing  has 
ever  happened  to  me.  But  a  new  officer  has 
come  to  tow^n,  who  is  very  cross,  and  who  has 
tormented  me  every  Tuesday  for  some  time 
back.  He  has  threatened  to  put  me  in  prison 
if  I  come  again.  I  have  begged  my  father  not 
to  send  me,  but  he  is  as  severe  as  the  soldier, 
and  said  I  had  to  go  always,  and  if  an3'one 
hiu't  me,  he  would  attend  to  it ;  but  what  would 
that  help  me?" 

Hans  was  touched  with  pity.  Above  all,  on 
account  of  the  trust  the  young  girl  had  had  in 


20  ENGLISH  FOR  COMING  AMERICANS 

telling  him  all  this.  She  would  not  have  done 
this  to  everybody.  ''But  she  has  seen  at  oiice 
that  I  am  not  a  bad  fellow,  and  that  I  have  a 
kind  heart,"  thought  he.  "Well,"  said  Hans, 
"I'll  help  you.  Give  me  your  bag.  I'll  put  it 
among  my  brooms,  and  nobody  will  see  it. 
Everybody  knows  me.  Not  a  soul  will  think 
I've  got  your  shoes.  You've  only  to  tell  me 
where  to  leave  them.  You  can  follow  a  little 
way  off — nobody  will  think  we  have  anything 
to  do  with  each  other."  "You  are  really  very- 
good,"  said  she,  and  brought  her  package,  which 
Hans  hid  so  nicely  that  a  cat  wouldn't  have 
seen  it.  "Shall  I  push,  or  help  you  to  pull?" 
asked  the  young  girl,  as  if  it  had  been  a  matter 
of  course  that  she  should  also  do  her  part  in 
the  work.  "As  you  like  best,  though  you  needn't 
mind;  it  isn't  a  pair  or  two  of  shoes  that  will 
make  my  cart  much  heavier." 

The  young  girl  began  by  pushing;  but  that 
did  not  last  long.  Presently  she  found  herself 
in  front,  pulling  also  by  the  pole.  "It  seems  to 
me  that  the  cart  goes  better  so,"  said  she.  In 
town  they  were  separated.  Hans  did  not  think 
long  about  her,  for  she  was  not  one  to  dazzle 
his  eyes.  She  was  a  stunted  little  girl,  with  a 
broad  face.  She  had  a  good  heart  and  great 
love  for  work,  but  people  did  not  take  notice  of 
these. 


HANS  MEETS  A  FRIEND  21 

MEMORIZE 

"Two  at  a  banquet  board  alone, 
In  dalliance,  the  feast  being  done. 
And  one  behind  the  arras  stands, 
Grasping  an  axe  with  quivering  hands." 

QUESTIONS  on  the  lesson 

Bring  out:  Hans'  kind  heart;  the  trust  of  misery; 
the  good  qualities  of  a  homely  girl. 

GRAMMAR  EXERCISE 

The  Participle  endings  ed  and  cii  are  also  used  in 
adjectives :  as,  a  wicked  man ;  a  drunkr;/  husband. 

Let  the  pupils  find  the  participles  used  in  the  first 
half  of  the  lesson  and  state  what  kind  they  are. 

Let  the  pupils  read  the  above  poem  carefully,  tell 
what  it  means,  and  parse  the  words  "grasping"  and 
"quivering"  in  the  last  line. 

Write  on  the  blackboard  the  words :  weep,  push,  pity, 
tell,  think,  leave;  and  ask  the  pupils  to  form  the 
present  participle  of  each  and  give  examples  of  their 
use  as  verbs  and  adjectives. 

Ask  the  pupils  what  is  the  difference  in  the  use  of 
the  word  pushing  in  the  following  sentences :  "She 
helped  him  by  pushing."    "She  was  pushing  the  cart." 

Test  the  pupils  in  spelling  the  following  words: 
baskets,  bench,  bundle,  tears,  afraid,  shoemaker,  hap- 
pened, torments,  prison,  severe,  touched,  everybody, 
fellow,  package,  matter,  course,  dazzle,  stunted,  notice. 
See  also  that  the  pupils  know  what  these  words  mean. 

Collect  the  home  work. 

For  home  work,  let  the  pupils  write  out  sentences 
using  the  above  words  which  they  have  spelled. 


22  ENGLISH  FOR  COMING  AMERICANS 

VIII.    HANS  AND  HIS  MOTHER  IN 
COUNCIL 

Hans  grew  gay.  He  whistled  and  sang  all 
the  day.  He  bought  himself  a  new  coat.  His 
mother  said:  "Hans  does  not  put  all  in  his 
clothes ;  he  has  some  money  too.  If  God  spares 
him,  I'll  wager  he'll  come  to  have  a  cow;  but 
it's  not  likely  I  shall  be  spared  to  see  it." 

"Mother,"  said  Hans  one  day,  "the  cart  gets 
heavier.  It  is  getting  really  too  much  for  me." 
"I  dare  say,"  said  the  mother ;  "why  do  you  go 
on  loading  it  more  every  day?  Put  a  dozen  or 
two  of  brooms  less  on  it,  and  it  will  roll  again 
all  right."  "That's  impossible,  mother ;  I  never 
have  enough  as  it  is."  "But,  Hans,  suppose 
you  get  a  donkey?"  "No,  mother,"  said  Hans, 
"they  are  as  self-willed  as  devils ;  and  then  what 
should  I  do  with  a  donkey  the  other  five  days 
of  the  week?  No,  mother,  I  was  thinking  of  a 
wife;  what  say  you?"  "But,  Hans,  I  think  a 
goat  or  a  donkey  would  do  much  better.  A 
wife!  What  would  you  do  with  a  wife?" 
"Do!"  said  Hans.  "What  other  people  do,  I 
suppose;  then,  I  thought  she  would  help  me 
to  draw  the  cart,  which  goes  ever  so  much 
better  with  another  hand;  without  counting 
that,  she  could  plant  potatoes  between  times, 
and  help  me   to   make  my  brooms,   which   I 


HANS  AND  HIS  MOTHER  IN  COUNCIL  23 

couldn't  get  a  goat  or  a  donkey  to  do."  "But, 
Hans,  do  you  think  to  find  one  then  who  will 
help  you  to  draw  the  cart,  and  will  be  clever 
enough  to  do  all  that?"  asked  the  mother.  "Oh, 
mother,  there's  one  who  has  helped  me  already 
often  with  the  cart,"  said  Hans,  "and  who  will 
be  good  for  a  great  deal  besides;  but  as  to 
whether  she  would  marry  me  or  not,  I  don't 
know,  for  I  haven't  asked  her.  I  thought  that 
I  would  tell  you  first."  "You  rogue  of  a  boy, 
what's  that  you  tell  me  there?  You  are  also 
like  that?  The  good  God  Himself  might  have 
told  me,  and  I  wouldn't  have  believed  Him. 
You've  got  a  girl  to  help  you  to  pull  the  cart ! 
A  pretty  business  to  put  her  to.  Ah,  well, — 
trust  men  after  this !" 

Hans  told  her  everything  that  he  knew  about 
the  girl,  which  did  not  displease  the  mother; 
and  the  more  she  thought  of  it,  the  more  it  all 
seemed  to  her  very  proper.  She  inquired  about 
the  girl  and  learned  that  nobody  knew  the  least 
harm  of  her.  She  did  all  she  could  to  help  her 
parents,  who  were  poor,  so  Hans  could  not 
expect  anything  with  her.  "Ah,  well,  it's  all 
the  better,"  thought  she,  "for  neither  of  them 
can  have  much  to  say  to  the  other."  The  next 
day  Hans  took  his  cart,  his  mother  said  to  him : 
"Well,  speak  to  that  girl;  if  she  consents,  so 
will  I,  but  I  can't  run  after  her.     Tell  her  to 


24  ENGLISH  FOR  COMING  AMERICANS 

come  here  on  Sunday,  that  I  may  see  her,  and  at 
least  we  can  talk  a  little.  If  she  is  willing  to  be 
nice,  it  will  all  go  very  well.  For  indeed,  it 
must  happen  some  time  or  other,  I  suppose." 

MEMORIZE 

"Sincerity  is  to  speak  as  we  think,  to  do  as 
we  pretend  and  profess,  to  perform  and  make 
good  what  we  promise,  and  really  to  be  what 
we  appear  to  be." 

QUESTIONS  on  the  lesson 

Call  attention  to :  Hans'  happiness ;  his  filial  love ; 
his  conception  of  a  wife's  place ;  his  mother's  surprise ; 
her  acquiescence ;  the  terms  imposed  by  the  mother. 

GRAMMAR  EXERCISE 

Action  may  be  today,  yesterday  or  tomorrow;  hence, 
verbs  can  be  in  the  Present,  Past,  or  Future.  These 
are  called  Tenses,  and  indicate  the  time  when  an  act 
takes  place:  as,  'T  speak  today";  "I  spoke  yesterday"; 
"I  shall  speak  tomorrow." 

Let  the  pupils  state  what  is  the  tense  of  each  verb 
in  the  first  part  of  the  lesson. 

Explain :  "plant  potatoes  between  times" ;  "willing 
to  be  nice" ;  "it  will  all  go  very  well." 

Test  the  pupils  in  spelling  and  in  the  meaning  of: 
whistled,  coat,  money,  heavier,  impossible,  self-willed, 
donkey,  suppose,  counting,  potatoes,  besides,  displease, 
expect,  consents,  happen. 

Let  the  pupils  write  the  days  of  the  week  on  the 
blackboard. 


HANS'  COURTSHIP  25 

Ask  why  the  words  "God  Himself"  are  in  capital 
letters  ?    Review  the  rules  on  the  use  of  capitals. 

Let  the  pupils  point  out  the  adverbs  in  the  lesson. 

Collect  the  home  work. 

For  home  work,  let  the  pupils  write  a  composition 
of  sixty  words  describing  the  streets  of  the  city. 


IX.    HANS'  COURTSHIP 

When  Hans  set  out  with  his  cart,  he  again 
found  the  young  girl  in  the  same  place.  Once 
more  they  pulled  the  cart  together.  Hans  said, 
''It  certainly  goes  as  quick  again  when  there  are 
thus  two  cattle  at  the  same  cart."  ''Yes,  I've 
often  thought,"  said  the  young  girl,  "that  it  is 
very  foolish  of  you  not  to  get  somebody  to  help 
you;  all  the  business  would  go  twice  as  easily, 
and  you  could  gain  twice  as  much."  "What 
would  you  have  ?"  said  Hans.  "Sometimes  one 
thinks  too  soon  of  a  thing,  sometimes  too  late. 
But  now  it  really  seems  to  me  that  I  should 
like  to  have  somebody  for  a  help;  if  you  were 
of  the  same  mind,  you  would  be  just  the  good 
thing  for  me.  If  that  suits  you,  I'll  marry 
you."  "Well,  why  not, — if  you  don't  think 
me  too  ugly,  nor  too  poor?"  answered  the 
young  girl.  "Once  you've  got  me,  it  will  be 
too  late  to  despise  me.     As  for  me,  I  could 


26  ENGLISH  FOR  COMING  AMERICANS 

scarcely  fall  in  with  a  better  chance.  One 
always  gets  a  husband, — but,  alas,  of  what 
sort !  You  are  quite  good  enough  for  me ;  you 
take  care  of  your  affairs,  and  I  don't  think 
you'll  treat  a  wife  like  a  dog."  "My  wife  will 
be  as  much  master  as  I ;  if  she  is  not  pleased 
with  that,  I  don't  know  what  more  to  do,"  said 
Hans.  "I  don't  think  you  will  be  worse  off 
with  me  than  you  have  been  at  home.  If  that 
suits  you,  come  to  see  us  on  Sunday.  It's  my 
mother  who  told  me  to  ask  you,  if  you  liked  to 
be  her  daughter-in-law."  ''Liked!  But  what 
could  I  want  more?  I  am  used  to  submit  my- 
self and  take  things  as  they  come.  I  never 
thought  that  a  hard  word  made  a  hole  in  me, 
else  by  this  time  I  shouldn't  have  had  a  bit  of 
skin  left  as  big  as  a  dime.  But,  all  the  same,  I 
must  tell  my  people,  as  the  custom  is." 

Sunday,  the  mother  examined  the  girl  upon 
the  garden  and  the  kitchen,  and  what  book  of 
prayers  she  used,  and  whether  she  could  read 
in  the  New  Testament,  and  also  in  the  Bible, 
for  said  the  old  woman:  "It  was  very  bad  for 
the  children,  and  it  was  always  they  who  suf- 
fered, if  the  mother  knew  nothing  of  the 
Word."  The  girl  pleased  her,  and  the  aff'air 
was  concluded.  "You  won't  have  a  beauty 
there,"  said  she  to  Hans  before  the  girl,  "nor 
much  to  crow  about  in  what  she  has  got.    But 


HANS'  COURTSHIP  27 

it  isn't  beauty  that  makes  the  pot  boil.  When 
one  has  health  and  work  in  one's  arms,  one 
gets  along  always." 

MEMORIZE 

"Above  the  abyssnial  undivided  deep 

A  train  of  glory  streaming  from  afar ; 
And  in  the  van,  to  wake  the  worlds  from  sleep, 
One  on  whose  forehead  shines  the  Morning  Star." 

QUESTIONS  on  the  lesson 

Bring  out  Hans'  idea  of  married  life ;  the  girl's  idea ; 
the  girl's  lot  at  home ;  the  test  of  the  mother. 

GRAMMAR  EXERCISE 

Review  the  punctuation  marks. 

Ask  the  pupils  to  write  the  months  of  the  year  on  the 
blackboard. 

Let  the  pupils  spell  the  following  and  give  the  plural : 
place,  body,  business,  marriage,  chance,  husband,  wife, 
suit,  Sunday,  daughter,  people,  kitchen. 

Explain  why  capitals  are  used  in  the  words :  Bible, 
etc.,  in  the  latter  part  of  the  lesson. 

Notice  the  plural  of  "daughter-in-law"  is  "daughters- 
in-law." 

Explain :  "A  hard  word  made  a  hole  in  me" ;  "not 
much  to  crow  about" ;  "beauty  won't  make  the  pot 
boil"  ;  "work  in  one's  arms." 

Collect  the  home  work. 

For  home  work,  let  the  pupils  write  a  composition  of 
sixty  words,  on  any  subject,  using  all  the  punctuation 
marks  they  know. 


28  ENGLISH  FOR  COMING  AMERICANS 

X.     HANS  MARRIED 

Hans  found  the  old  cart  went  well.  "I  never 
could  believe,"  said  he,  "that  a  cart  could  have 
taken  itself  up  so  and  become  so  changed  for 
the  better."  More  than  one  girl,  however,  said 
that  she  would  have  done  for  him  quite  as  well. 
"If  I  thought  him  in  a  hurry,  I  could  have  put 
myself  on  his  road  and  prevented  him  from 
looking  at  this  rubbishy  rag  of  a  girl."  She 
thought  Hans  a  goose.  "He  will  repent  very 
soon.  All  the  worse  for  him;  it  is  his 
own  fault.  As  one  makes  one's  bed,  one  lies 
in  it." 

Hans  was  no  goose,  however.  He  never 
found  anything  to  repent  of.  He  had  a  little 
wife  who  was  just  the  very  thing  he  wanted, — 
a  little  modest,  busy  wife,  to  make  him  as 
happy  as  if  he  had  married  Heaven  itself  in 
person.  Of  course,  his  wife  did  not  long  help 
Hans  push  the  cart.  He  saw  a  son  in  the  home. 
"What  a  fellow,"  said  he ;  "in  a  wink  he  will  be 
big  enough  to  help  me  himself."  In  a  little 
while  his  wife  wanted  to  come  again  to  help 
him.  "If  only  we  make  a  little  haste  to  get 
back,"  said  she,  "the  little  one  can  wait  well 
enough;  besides,  grandmother  can  give  him 
something  to  drink  while  we  are  away."  But 
the  child  was  not  of  their  mind.     As  they  re- 


HANS  MARRIED  29 

turned,  the  wife  cried  out:  "Mercy!  What's 
that?"  There  was  a  shriek  and  cry  Hke  a  Httle 
pig  when  it  is  being  killed.  "Mercy  on  us; 
what's  the  matter?"  and  leaving  the  cart  she 
ran  off  at  full  speed,  and  there,  sure  enough, 
were  the  grandmother  and  the  child.  Handing 
the  child  to  the  mother,  the  grandmother  said : 
"No,  I  won't  have  him  alone  any  more.  In  my 
life  I  never  saw  such  a  little  wretch.  I  had 
rather  go  and  draw  the  cart."  These  worthy 
people  thus  learned  what  it  is  to  have  a  tyrant 
in  one's  house;  but  that  did  not  stop  their 
household  ways. 

The  little  wife  found  plenty  to  do  staying  at 
home,  gardening  and  helping  to  make  the 
brooms.  Without  ever  hurrying  anything,  she 
worked  without  ceasing  and  was  never  tired. 
So  things  ran  under  her  hand.  Hans  was  all 
surprise  to  find  that  he  got  along  so  well  with  a 
wife,  and  that  his  purse  was  growing  fatter  so 
fast.  Every  year  grew  new  twigs  to  make 
the  brooms  with ;  every  year  also,  without  put- 
ting herself  much  about,  his  wife  gave  him  a 
new  baby;  every  day  it  cried  a  little;  every  day 
grew  a  little,  and  in  the  turn  of  a  hand  it  was 
of  use  for  something.  The  grandmother  saw 
him  buy  a  little  field;  then  a  goat,  and  then  a 
cow.  And  if  the  poor  old  woman  had  lived 
two  more  years,  she  would  even  have  seen  Hans 


30  ENGLISH  FOR  COMING  AMERICANS 

become  himself  the  owner  of  the  Httle  cottage 
in  which  she  had  hved  so  long. 

MEMORIZE 

"Sorrow  is  the  noblest  of  all  discipline. 
It  is  a  scourge,  but  there  is  healing  in  its 
stripes.  It  is  a  cup,  and  the  drink  is  bitter, 
but  strength  proceeds  from  the  bitterness.  It 
is  a  crown  of  thorns,  but  it  becomes  a  wreath 
of  light  on  the  brow  which  it  pierces." 

QUESTIONS  on  the  lesson 

Call  attention  to :  how  others  judged  Hans ;  the 
character  of  his  home ;  the  conduct  of  his  wife ;  Hans' 
prosperity. 

GRAMMAR  EXERCISE 

Every  action  has  three  states  to  it :  Indefinite :  as,  I 
write;  Progressive:  as,  I  am  zvrifiiig;  Complete:  as, 
I  have  "written. 

These  three  states  are  found  in  every  tense:  as, 

Present:  I  sing;  I  am  singing;  I  have  sung. 

Past:  I  sang;  I  was  singing;  I  had  sung. 

Future :  I  shall  sing ;  I  shall  be  singing ;  I  shall  have 
sung. 

Let  the  pupils  give  the  three  forms  in  the  three 
tenses,  using  the  following  verbs :  find,  go,  believe, 
take,  change,  say. 

Ask  for  explanations  of :  "rubbishy  rag  of  a  girl" ; 
"Hans  was  a  goose" ;  "one  makes  one's  bed" ;  "in  a 
wink  he  will  be  big" ;  "a  tyrant  in  one's  house." 

Let  the  students  spell  and  explain:  repent,  modest, 


HANS'  CHILDREN  31 

wink,  return,  mercy,  wretch,  rather,  tyrant,  cottage. 
Always  refer  to  the  text  if  the  students  do  not  readily 
give  the  meaning  of  the  word. 

Collect  the  home  work. 

For  home  work,  let  the  pupils  write  you  a  letter 
about  the  school  and  the  work  they  are  doing. 


XI.     HANS'  CHILDREN 

Hans  did  not  change  his  way  of  hving.  As 
he  grew  richer,  his  strength  for  work  became 
always  greater.  His  wife  had  the  difficuh  art 
of  making  the  children  serve  themselves,  each 
according  to  his  age;  not  with  many  words 
either,  and  she  herself  scarcely  knew  how.  The 
children  took  care  of  each  other,  helped  their 
father  to  make  his  brooms,  and  their  mother  in 
her  work  about  the  house.  None  of  them  had 
the  least  idea  of  the  pleasure  of  doing  nothing, 
nor  dreamed  of  lying  around,  and  yet  not  one 
was  over-worked  or  neglected.  They  grew  like 
willows  on  a  brookside,  full  of  vigor  and  gaiety. 

The  parents  had  no  time  for  idling  with 
them ;  but  the  children  nevertheless  knew  their 
love  and  saw  how  pleased  they  were  when  their 
little  ones  did  their  work  well.  Their  parents 
prayed  with  them.  On  Sunday  the  father  read 
them  a  chapter  of  the  Bible,  which  he  explained 


32  ENGLISH  FOR  COMING  AMERICANS 

as  well  as  he  could,  and  on  this  account  the 
children  were  full  of  respect  for  him.  Hans 
was  held  in  esteem  by  his  children.  He  was  so 
decided  and  so  sure;  his  words  were  full  of 
good  sense;  he  was  honorable  in  everything; 
he  never  set  himself  up  as  rich,  nor  complained 
of  being  poor.  IMany  a  pretty  lady  would  come 
expressly  into  the  kitchen  when  she  heard  that 
the  broom  merchant  was  there,  to  inform  her- 
self how  things  went  in  the  country,  and  how 
such  and  such  a  matter  was  turning  out.  Nay, 
in  many  of  the  houses,  he  was  trusted  to  lay 
in  their  winter  provisions,  a  business  which 
brought  him  many  a  portion. 

MEMORIZE 

"Long-rolling  surges  of  a  falling  sea, 

Smiting  the  sheer  cliffs  of  an  unknown  shore ; 
And  by  a  fanged  rock,  swaying  helplessly, 
A  mast  with  broken  cordage — nothing  more." 

QUESTIONS  on  the  lesson 

Mark  the  qualities  of  a  good   father  and  a   wise 
provider ;  the  wise  mother. 


GRAMMAR  EXERCISE 

The  verb  do  is  used  with  other  verbs  in  the  present 
and  past  when  the  actor  wants  to  emphasize  the  act ; 
as,  "I  do  love" ;  "I  did  love." 


HANS'  CHILDREN  33 

When  do  is  used  in  questions,  it  is  not  emphatic ;  as, 
"Do  you  read?" 

Let  the  pupils  take  the  verbs  in  the  first  part  of  the 
lesson  and  put  them  in  an  emphatic  form :  as,  "He 
did  grow  richer." 

Let  the  pupils  turn  simple  sentences  into  interroga- 
tive sentences :  as,  "He  grew  richer" ;  "Did  he  grow 
richer?" 

Call  attention  to  compound  words :  as,  over-worked ; 
brook-side.  Other  words  made  up  in  like  manner 
have  dropped  the  hyphen :  as,  never-the-less ;  every- 
thing. Hence  two  words  may  be  joined  together  to 
make  a  new  word : 

1.  Two  nouns:  rail-road;  steam-boat. 

2.  An  adjective  and  a  noun :  black-bird,  blue-bell. 

3.  A  verb  and  a  noun :  tell-tale  ;  scare-crow. 

4.  A  noun  and  a  verb :  back-bJte ;  way-lay. 

5.  Two  adjectives:  red-hot;  fair-haired. 

Let  the  pupils  state  what  part  of  speech  are  the 
following  words :  "Way  of  living" ;  "each  according  to 
his  age" ;  "the  pleasure  of  doing  nothing" ;  "the  chil- 
dren were  full  of  respect  for  him" ;  "lay  in  their  winter 
provisions." 

Remind  the  scholars  that  adverbs  answer  the  ques- 
tions: when,  where,  how,  and  why,  of  an  action  or 
quality. 

Let  the  pupils  spell  and  write  out  the  comparison  of 
the  following  adverbs :  well,  ill,  much,  forth,  far,  late, 
near. 

Let  the  students  find  the  adverbs  in  the  lesson. 

Collect  the  home  work. 

For  home  work,  let  the  students  write  a  dozen 
sentences  illustrating  the  emphatic  and  the  interroga- 
tive use  of  do  in  the  present  and  past  tense. 


34  ENGLISH  FOR  COMING  AMERICANS 

XII.     HANS  IN  WEALTH 

One  Saturday  Hans  was  not  in  market  with 
his  brooms.    All  people  missed  him.    When  he 
came  again,  they  asked  him  where  he  was.    He 
simply  replied,   "I  was  obliged  to  go  to  the 
funeral."    They  asked,  "Whose  funeral?"    He 
answered,  "My  sister's."    "And  who  was  she  ?" 
When  the  broom  merchant  answered  briefly 
and  frankly,  the  women  who  questioned  said: 
"Mercy  on  us!     Are  you  the  brother  of  that 
woman  who  left  a  fortune?"     "It  is  precisely 
so,"  answered  Hans  dryly.     "But  goodness  of 
heaven,"   replied   the   women,    "you   inherited 
50,000  crowns  at  least,  and,  behold,  you  still 
run    over    the    country    with    your    brooms." 
"Why  not?"  said  Hans;  "I  have  not  got  that 
money  yet,  and  I  am  not  going  to  let  go  of  a 
sparrow  in  the  hand  for  a  pigeon  on  the  tile." 
"A  pigeon  on  the  tile,  indeed !"  said  the  women. 
"Why,  the  thing  is  perfectly  sure."   "Ah,  well, 
my  faith,  so  much  the  better,"  said  Hans,  "but 
I  called  to  ask,  must  you  have  the  brooms  in 
eight  or  fifteen  days?" 

In  fulness  of  time  Hans  got  the  money. 
When  his  wife  saw  him  come  back  so  rich, 
she  began  first  to  cry  and  then  to  scream. 
Hans  asked  her,  "What  is  the  matter?"  "Ah, 
now,"  said  the  wife,  "you  will  despise  me  be- 


HANS  IN  WEALTH  35 

cause  you  are  so  rich,  and  think  that  you  would 
hke  to  have  another  sort  of  wife  than  me.  I 
have  done  what  I  could  to  this  day ;  but  now  I 
am  nothing-  but  an  old  rag.  If  only  I  was 
already  six  feet  under  ground."  Hans  sat  him- 
self down  in  the  arm  chair  and  said:  ''Wife, 
listen.  Here  are  now^  nearly  thirty  years  that 
we  have  kept  house,  and  thou  knowest  that 
what  one  would  have,  the  other  would  have  too. 
I  have  never  once  beaten  thee,  and  the  words 
we  have  said  to  each  other  would  be  easily 
counted.  Well,  wife,  I  tell  thee,  do  not  begin 
to  be  ill  tempered  now%  or  do  anything  else 
than  you  have  always  done.  Everything  must 
remain  betw^een  us  as  in  the  past.  This  in- 
heritance does  not  come  from  me  nor  from 
thee;  but  from  the  good  God  for  us  two  and 
for  our  children.  And  now  I  advise  thee,  and 
hold  it  for  as  sure  a  thing  as  if  it  were  written 
in  the  Bible,  if  thou  speakest  again  of  this  to  me 
but  once,  be  it  w^th  crying  or  without,  I  will 
give  thee  a  beating  with  a  new  rope  like  as 
that  they  may  hear  thee  crying  from  here  to  the 
big  lake.  Behold  what  is  said ;  now  do  as  thou 
wilt."  It  was  firmly  spoken;  the  wife  knew^ 
where  she  was  and  did  not  begin  her  song 
again. 

Before  giving  up  his  brooms,  Hans  gave  a 
turn  of  his  hands  to  them  and  made  a  present 


36  ENGLISH  FOR  COMING  AMERICANS 

of  a  dozen  to  all  his  customers,  carrying-  them 
to  each  in  his  own  person.  He  has  repeated 
many  a  time  since,  and  nearly  always  with 
tears  in  his  eyes,  that  it  was  a  day  he  never 
could  forget,  and  that  he  never  would  have 
believed  people  loved  him  so. 

He  now  became  a  farmer  with  an  active  and 
simple  life;  prayed  and  worked  as  he  had  al- 
ways done.  The  good  God  spared  both  of 
them  to  see  their  sons-in-law  happy  in  their 
wives;  their  daughters-in-law  full  of  respect 
and  tenderness  for  their  husbands.  The  virtues 
which  the  children  learned  at  home  remained 
their  stay  in  domestic  life;  the  love  of  work 
and  religion  are  foundations  which  cannot  be 
overthrown.  They  are  unmoved  by  mocking 
chance  and  wavering  winds. 

MEMORIZE 

"The  day  of  life,  spent  in  honest  and 
benevolent  labor,  comes  in  hope  to  an  evening- 
calm  and  lovely.  Though  the  sun  declines, 
the  shadows  that  it  leaves  behind  are  only  to 
curtain  the  spirit  into  rest." 

QUESTIONS  on  the  lesson 

Call  attention :  to  Hans'  wisdom  in  prosperity ;  to 
his  wife's  fears ;  to  their  confidence  in  God ;  to  the 
blessing  of  good  children. 


HANS  IN  WEALTH  37 

GRAMMAR  EXERCISE 

The  Verb  follows  the  number  of  the  subject. 

If  the  subject  is  singular,  the  verb  is  also  singular: 
as,  he  reads. 

If  the  subject  is  plural,  the  verb  is  plural:  as,  we 
read. 

The  verb  has  three  persons,  corresponding  to  the 
pronouns. 

The  First  person  has  no  ending:  as,  I  speak,  we 
speak. 

The  Second  person,  as  generally  used,  is  the  same 
in  the  singular  and  plural,  and  has  no  ending:  as,  you 
speak.  If  thou  is  used,  the  verb  ends  in  est:  as,  thou 
speaks.?;. 

The  Third  person  in  the  singular  has  5  added :  as, 
he  speakj-.  The  old  form  eth  is  found  in  the  Bible,  and 
is  used  sometimes  by  writers ;  as,  he  speaketh.  The 
plural  has  no  ending :  as,  they  speak. 

Let  the  pupils  parse  the  verbs  in  the  first  part  of 
the  lesson:  as,  "was,"  part  of  the  verb  to  be;  past 
tense,  third  person,  singular,  agreeing  with  Hans. 

Let  the  pupils  correct  the  following  and  give  reasons 
for  so  doing:  I  says  to  him.  Yesterday  he  reads  to 
them.  We  replies  to  my  Lord.  The  engine  run  fine. 
You  speaks  like  a  judge.  Last  year,  they  runs  the  show. 

Let  the  students  spell  the  following  words  and  ex- 
plain them :  funeral,  frankly,  precisely,  dryly,  heaven, 
inherited,  country,  perfectly,  fifteen,  despise,  tempered, 
inheritance,  advice,  believed,  tenderness,  domestic, 
foundations,  wavering. 

Collect  home  work. 

For  home  work,  let  the  pupils  write  a  composition 
describing  a  happy  family  they  know. 


The  Trials  of  Gerard 
xiii.  pitying  the  needy 

Gerard,  the  son  of  a  poor  storekeeper,  had 
gained  great  skill  in  writing  and  in  copying. 
So  when  the  Prince  of  Holland  offered  a  prize 
for  the  best  writing  and  coloring,  he  made  up 
his  mind  to  try  for  the  prize.  His  work  was 
so  good  that  it  was  the  best  of  all,  and  the 
Prince  sent  for  him.  So  Gerard  went  to 
Rotterdam,  where  the  prizes  were  given  to  the 
winners.  He  dressed  himself  in  his  best 
clothes,  took  with  him  some  food,  and  started 
on  the  journey. 

The  journey  was  long,  and  he  was  pretty 
tired,  but  a  few  miles  from  Rotterdam,  he  fell 
in  with  a  pair  who  were  far  more  tired  than  he. 
They  were  an  old  man  and  a  comely  young 
woman.  The  old  man  sat  on  the  roadside, 
quite  worn  out,  and  the  young  woman,  holding 
his  hand,  was  the  picture  of  misery.  Gerard's 
quick  eye  took  in  their  need.  He  noticed  the 
old  man's  pale  face,  and  saw  the  tears  in  the 
young  woman's  eyes.  Many  had  passed  them 
by,  but  Gerard  could  not,  so  he  turned  to  the 
man  and  said:  "Father,  I  fear  you  are  tired." 

38 


PITYING  THE  NEEDY  39 

"Indeed,  my  son,  I  am,"  replied  he,  "and  faint 
for  lack  of  food."  The  young  lady  said  it  was 
her  fault,  for  bringing  her  father  so  far  from 
home.  "No,  no,"  replied  the  old  man;  "it  is  not 
the  length  of  the  journey;  it  is  the  want  of 
food." 

Gerard,  without  a  moment's  delay,  and  quite 
as  a  matter  of  course,  fell  to  gathering  sticks, 
and  soon  a  fire  was  lighted.  He  then  pulled 
down  his  wallet,  from  which  he  took  an  iron 
flask,  which  he  put  on  the  fire.  He  then  said  to 
the  girl,  "Mind  the  pot,  and  do  not  let  it  spill, 
for  heaven's  sake ;  here  is  a  stick  with  which  to 
hold  it  safe."  Gerard  left  them,  ran  to  a  corn 
field  close  by,  and  soon  was  back  with  two 
straws  in  his  hand.  The  soup  was  hot  by  this 
time,  and  the  old  man  asked:  "How  are  we  to 
get  it  to  our  mouths?"  The  daughter  said: 
"Father,  the  young  man  has  brought  us 
straws."  "Ha,  ha,"  said  he,  "but  my  poor 
bones  are  stiff,  and  the  fire  is  too  hot  for  a  body 
to  kneel  over  with  short  straws."  Gerard,  how- 
ever, was  not  idle.  He  brought  together  a  few 
big  stones  and  placed  them  in  front  of  the  old 
man.  He  then  wrapped  his  hand  in  a  towel 
and  whipped  the  flask  from  the  fire,  wedged  it 
between  the  stones,  and  it  was  under  the  old 
man's  nose.  He  gave  the  straw  to  the  father, 
who  eagerly  began  to  drink. 


40  ENGLISH  FOR  COMING  AMERICANS 

When  his  hunger  was  appeased,  he  cried: 
^'Blessed  be  the  nation  that  has  such  soup,  and 
the  woman  who  made  it,  and  the  young  man 
who  brings  it  to  needy  folk.  I  was  weary  and 
heart-sick  a  moment  ago,  but  now  I  am  brave 
as  an  eagle."  The  young  lady,  turning  to  the 
young  man,  said:  "Your  mother,  who  made 
this  soup,  would  not  be  pleased  to  have  her  son 
give  all  and  take  none  himself.  Why  brought 
you  but  two  straws?"  ''Fair  mistress,"  said 
Gerard,  "I  hoped  you  would  let  me  put  my  lips 
to  your  straw."  The  young  lady  blushed. 
"Never  beg  that  you  can  command ;  the  straw  is 
not  mine,  but  yours."  They  both  used  the  one 
straw,  and  Gerard  said :  "Now  it  belongs  to  us 
both.  Let  us  divide  it."  "By  all  means,"  said 
the  young  lady.  So  Gerard  cut  it  in  two,  say- 
ing: "I  keep  half  and  you  the  other." 

MEMORIZE 

"Cold  dawn,  which  flouts  the  abandoned  hall, 
And  one  worn  face,  which  loathes  it  all ; 
,  In  his  ringed  hand  a  vial,  while 

The  grey  lips  wear  a  ghastly  smile." 

QUESTIONS  on  the  lesson 

Call  attention  to :  Gerard's  sympathy ;  his  ingenuity  ; 
his  affection. 


GERARD  AT  THE  FEAST  41 

GRAMMAR  EXERCISE 

There  are  two  classes  of  Verbs. 

The  First  class  form  the  past  tense  by  change  in  the 
body  of  the  verb:  as,  "I  zvrite,"  "1  wrote."  These  are 
called  Irregular  verbs. 

The  Second  class  form  the  past  tense  by  adding  d  or 
ed  to  the  present:  as,  "I  move,  I  movec/" ;  "I  jump,  I 
jumped."    These  are  called  Regular  verbs. 

Let  the  pupils  classify  the  verbs  in  the  first  part  of 
the  lesson  into  regular  and  irregular. 

Let  the  pupils  spell  the  following:  storekeeper, 
gained,  copying,  offered,  writing,  coloring,  prize, 
winner,  dressed,  wallet,  flask,  kneel,  whip,  faint,  blush. 
Try  the  pupils  in  putting  words  of  like  meaning  in 
place  of  those  in  the  lesson. 

Let  the  pupils  parse:  "Gerard  gives  him  food.'' 
"Gerard  was  skilful  in  copying."  "Gerard  dressed 
himself." 

Collect  the  home  work. 

For  home  work,  let  the  pupils  write  a  composition 
describing  the  show  they  last  attended. 


XIV.    GERARD  AT  THE  FEAST 

Gerard,  after  the  meal  was  over,  asked  the 
young  lady  where  they  were  going.  She  re- 
plied: "To  Rotterdam."  "That  is  the  place  to 
which  I  also  go,"  said  the  young  man  with  a 
merry  smile.  So  the  trio  started  again  on  their 
journey.    Gerard  now  looked  at  their  clothing. 


42  ENGLISH  FOR  COMING  AMERICANS 

The  old  man  wore  a  gown,  a  fur,  and  a  velvet 
cap.  The  young  lady  was  dressed  in  plain 
russet  cloth,  and  that  part  of  her  neck  not 
covered  by  her  dress  had  some  snow-white  lawn 
over  it,  while  around  her  throat  was  a  band  of 
gold  lace. 

Before  starting,  Gerard  had  packed  what 
was  left  of  his  simple  fare  in  his  wallet,  and  was 
now  doing  his  best  to  tie  the  ribbon  as  his 
mother  had  tied  it.  Margaret — for  that  is  the 
young  lady's  name — watched  him  shyly,  and 
offered  to  help  him.  So  two  well-shaped,  white 
hands  were  soon  playing  nimbly  around  that 
ribbon,  moulding  it  into  shape  with  soft  and 
airy  touches.  Then,  for  the  first  time,  a 
heavenly  thrill  ran  through  the  young  man's 
heart.  Margaret,  without  thinking,  prolonged 
the  feeling.  When,  at  last,  the  taper  fingers 
had  made  the  knot,  she  touched  it  with  the 
hollow  palm  of  her  hand,  as  much  as  to  say: 
"Now  be  a  good  knot  and  stay  so."  When  the 
palm  kiss  was  given  the  ribbon,  the  young 
man's  heart  leaped  to  meet  it.  Margaret 
sweetly  and  simply  said:  "There,  that  is  how 
it  was,"  and  lowered  her  eyes  before  the  long- 
ing gaze  of  her  lover. 

They  soon  reached  the  city,  and  made  their 
way  to  the  palace,  where  the  Prince  and  all 
the  winners  of  prizes  were  to  meet.    Margaret 


GERARD  AT  THE  FEAST  43 

and  her  father  would  never  have  been  allowed 
to  enter  had  it  not  been  for  Gerard.  He  carried 
a  pass  signed  by  the  Prince,  as  well  as  a  letter 
to  the  Princess,  and  when  the  guards  stopped 
his  friends,  he  said  he  would  not  enter  unless 
they  allowed  his  friends  to  enter  also.  A  royal 
banquet  was  made  ready,  and  the  three  friends 
sat  together  at  table.  The  large  hall  was  beau- 
tiful; on  the  tables  were  laid  many  sweet 
smelling  flowers,  bright  lights  burned  on  all 
sides,  costly  pictures  were  on  the  walls,  and 
sweet  music  floated  through  the  air.  But  to 
Gerard  there  was  no  beauty  like  that  of  Mar- 
garet's eyes,  no  music  like  that  of  her  voice,  and 
the  young  lady  was  happy  in  his  company. 
"Where  will  you  stay  over  night?"  asked 
Gerard.  Margaret  answered,  "With  a  relative 
of  ours,  whom  we  expect  to  meet  in  this  hall." 
As  she  said  these  words,  the  relative  came  to 
them.  The  man  also  asked  Gerard  to  spend  the 
evening  in  his  home.  This  was  untold  joy  to 
the  young  man.  He  said:  "I  must  first  go  to 
find  the  Princess  and  give  her  this  letter,  then 
I  will  join  you."  The  friends  left  the  hall, 
Gerard  going  to  find  the  Princess,  Margaret 
and  her  father  going  to  the  house  of  their 
relative. 

The  young  man  soon  found  that  the  rooms 
of  Princesses  could  not  be  easily  entered.     He 


44  ENGLISH  FOR  COMING  AMERICANS 

saw  foppish  young  men  barring  his  entrance, 
and  making  fun  of  his  looks  and  his  clothes. 
It  was  now  late,  and  he  was  told  to  come  in 
the  morning.  Gerard,  however,  stood  there, 
and  one  of  the  maids,  pitying  him,  took  his 
letter  to  the  Princess.  To  the  surprise  of  all, 
he  was  at  once  asked  to  enter,  and  the  royal 
young  lady  kept  him  longer  than  he  thought 
she  would.  When  he  came  out,  it  was  late.  By 
the  time  he  reached  the  house  where  Margaret 
stayed,  he  found  the  house  all  dark,  and  the 
friends  gone  to  rest  for  the  night.  Gerard  was 
beside  himself.  His  soul  had  gone  forth  to  this 
young  woman,  and  he  longed  to  know  where 
she  lived.  She  was  in  this  house,  and  he  could 
not  leave  the  spot.  He  knew  only  one  great 
longing — to  see  her  face  and  hear  her  voice 
once  more.  He  made  up  his  mind  to  stay  there 
all  night  and  see  her  in  the  morning.  He  did 
not  count  upon  the  cold  and  the  long  hours  of 
darkness.  After  a  while,  he  thought  he  might 
find  some  place  where  he  could  lie  down.  He 
searched  around  the  house,  and  found  none.  In 
his  trouble,  he  could  only  think  of  one  possi- 
bility— he  might  try  the  kitchen  window,  which 
was  level  with  the  ground.  He  tried  it,  and  his 
clever  soul  found  a  way  to  open  it.  As  he 
opened  it,  a  hand  caught  him  so  firmly  that  it 
was  useless  to  squirm  or  try  to  escape.    With- 


GERARD  AT  THE  FEAST  45 

out  a  word,  he  was  hurried  to  prison  and  at 
dayhght  tried  for  house-breaking. 

MEMORIZE 

"Life  is  rich  for  its  afifections.  The  love 
of  the  child  for  the  parent  spreads  to  brothers, 
sisters,  and  companions.  The  parent's  love 
for  the  child  spreads  from  family  to  friends, 
from  friends  to  mankind,  and  from  the  house- 
hold hearth  to  the  infinite  and  eternal  heights 
of  heaven." 


QUESTIONS  on  the  lesson 

Call  attention  to  the  princess — to  the  fops — to  the 
rashness  of  Gerard. 


GRAMMAR  EXERCISE 

The  verbs  be,  have,  shall,  zcill,  and  do,  are  used  to 
form  the  tenses  of  other  verbs  and  are  called 
Auxiliary  Verbs. 

These  verbs  are  conjugated  in  the  present  and  past 
tenses.     The  verb  to  be,  is  conjugated  as  follows: 


Indicative  Mood 

Present  Tense  Past  Tense 

Singular  Plural  Singular  Plural 

I  am  we  are  I  was  you  were 

you  are  you  are  you  were       you  were 

he  is  they  are  he  was  they  were 


46  ENGLISH  FOR  COMING  AMERICANS 

Subjunctive  Mood 
Present  Tense  Past  Tense 

Singular  Plural  Singular  Plural 

I  be  we  be  I  were  we  were 

you  be  you  be  you  were       you  were 

he  be  they  be  he  were         they  were 

Imperative  Mood:  Singular  and  Plural:  be  (you). 

Infinitive  Mood:  To  be. 

Present  Participle:  Being. 

Past  Participle:  Been. 

Let  the  pupils  give  the  present  and  past  tenses  of: 
shall,  will,  have,  do. 

Let  the  students  spell  and  explain :  observed,  russet, 
replied,  ribbon,  slyly,  nimbly,  moulding,  thrill,  taper, 
fingers,  hollow,  palm,  knot,  leaped,  simply,  lowered, 
banquet,  royal,  friends,  unless,  table,  beautiful,  costly, 
picture.  See  if  the  pupils  can  put  other  words  for 
these  in  the  lesson. 

Notice:  "Margaret  and  Gerard  were  at  the  banquet." 
Here  the  verb  is  in  the  plural,  because  the  two  sub- 
jects are  connected  with  and.  Hence  the  rule,  when 
two  singular  nouns  are  connected  by  and,  the  verb  is 
in  the  plural.  Form  other  exercises  to  illustrate  the 
rule. 

Collect  the  home  work. 

For  home  work,  let  the  pupils  write  a  dozen  sen- 
tences illustrating  the  above  rule  in  grammar. 


XV.     GERARD  IN  THE  TOWER 

Everything  was  against  Gerard.     He  was 
tried  and  the  judge  sent  him  to  the  tower  as  a 


GERARD  IN  THE  TOWER  47 

prisoner.  He  grieved  most  that  he  was  not 
near  his  Margaret,  for  he  felt  sure  that  she 
pitied  him.  That  was  true.  Margaret  won- 
dered where  her  lover  was  and  was  only  able 
to  learn  of  his  plight  the  second  day.  Imme- 
diately she  set  to  work  to  help  him.  She  had  a 
friend,  an  old  soldier,  Martin,  by  name.  She 
told  him  her  trouble.  He  soon  set  to  work  to 
find  out  where  the  young  man  was  kept.  Hav- 
ing found  out  that  he  was  in  the  tower,  he 
carried  the  news  to  Margaret.  She,  pale  and 
grieved,  had  written  a  letter  to  the  Countess, 
praying  for  her  help  against  the  cruelty  of  the 
Burgomaster.  INIartin,  however,  said:  'Tut 
not  your  trust  in  princes."  "Alas,"  said  Mar- 
garet, "what  else  have  we  to  trust  in?" 
"Knowledge,"  said  the  soldier.  "Well,"  said 
she,  "learning  will  not  serve  us  here."  "Yes," 
said  her  friend,"wit  has  been  too  strong  for  iron 
doors  before  today.  I  need  no  ladder  but  my 
trusty  bow."  Then  he  told  her  how  a  knight, 
imprisoned  in  a  high  tower  at  Brescia,  was 
helped  out,  and  he  said  he  was  going  to  do  the 
same  for  Gerard. 

That  night,  Gerard  was  in  the  tower,  faint 
and  hungry.  He  could  not  eat  the  food  brought 
him.  He  sat  with  his  arms  and  his  head  droop- 
ing before  him,  the  picture  of  hopelessness. 
Suddenly   something  struck  the   wall   beyond 


4§  ENGLISH  FOR  COMING  AMERICANS 

him,  and  then  rattled  on  the  floor  at  his  feet. 
It  was  an  arrow — he  saw  the  white  feathers. 
A  chill  ran  through  him.  They  meant  to  kill 
him.  He  waited  to  see  if  more  arrows  came. 
He  crawled  on  all  fours  and  took  up  the  arrow. 
There  was  no  head  to  it.  He  uttered  a  cry  of 
hope.  Had  a  friend  shot  it?  He  took  it  up 
and  felt  it  all  over,  and  found  a  soft  something 
tied  to  it.  He  then  struck  a  light,  and  his  heart 
bounded  with  joy.  Tied  to  the  arrow  was  a 
skein  of  silk,  and  on  the  arrow  itself  were 
the  following-  words:  "Make  fast  the  silk 
to  your  knife  and  lower  to  us,  but  hold  your 
end  fast;  then  count  one  hundred  and  draw 
up." 

Gerard  leaped  to  the  window  and  saw  figures 
at  the  foot  of  the  tower.  He  waved  his  bonnet 
to  them,  and  then  carefully  undid  the  silk,  let 
down  his  knife  until  it  ceased  to  draw,  counted 
one  hundred,  then  pulled  the  silk  up  carefully. 
It  came  up  heavier  and  heavier ;  at  last  he  came 
to  a  large  knot,  and  by  the  knot  a  stout  whip- 
cord was  tied  to  the  silk.  What  could  this 
mean  ?  While  he  was  puzzling,  he  heard  Mar- 
garet's voice,  low  but  clear,  saying:  "Draw  up, 
Gerard,  until  you  see  liberty."  Gerard  drew 
until  he  came  to  another  knot,  and  found  a  cord 
of  some  thickness  to  take  the  place  of  the  whip- 
cord.   He  drew  again,  and  found  that  he  now 


GERARD  IN  THE  TOWER  4d 

had  a  heavier  weight  to  deal  with,  and  then 
the  truth  suddenly  flashed  on  him.  He  went 
to  work  with  a  will,  pulling  until  the  sweat 
rolled  down  his  cheeks.  Looking  down  at 
length  in  the  moonlight,  he  saw,  as  it  were,  a 
great  snake  coming  up  to  him  from  the  deep. 
He  gave  a  shout  of  joy,  and  lo!  a  new  rope 
touched  his  hand.  He  dragged  it  into  his  prison 
cell;  at  once  he  made  it  fast,  and  then  putting 
himself  into  the  form  of  a  swimmer,  his  body 
and  waist  being  in  the  prison  and  his  legs 
outside,  he  worked  himself,  little  by  little,  out 
of  the  window  onto  the  rope.  Gerard  now 
hung  in  mid-air.  He  went  down  slowly,  hand 
below  hand.  Down,  down,  down,  until  his  feet 
were  caught  by  the  hands  of  Martin  and  Mar- 
garet, who  put  her  arms  around  him.  They 
stole  away  along  the  shadow  of  the  wall  and 
reached  a  place  of  safety. 

The  following  morning,  the  Burgomaster 
went  to  the  prison.  He  opened  the  door,  and 
there  was  no  Gerard.  He  stood  there  in  won- 
der. Where  was  his  prisoner?  He  saw  the 
rope  and  the  open  window.  He  w^as  pale  and 
trembling,  and  said:  "Gone!  Gone!"  He  then 
ran  from  the  tower,  called  his  men  together, 
and  started  to  hunt  down  the  escaped  pris- 
oner. 


50  ENGLISH  FOR  COMING  AMERICANS 

MEMORIZE 

"A  rain-swept  moor  at  shut  of  day, 
And  by  the  dead,  unhappy  way 
A  lonely  child  untended  lies ; 
Against  the  West  a  wretch  who  flies." 

QUESTIONS  on  the  lesson 

Call  attention  to  Gerard's  friends — the  daring  of  the 
prisoner — the  duty  of  obeying  the  law. 

GRAMMAR  EXERCISE 

An  Adverb  is  a  word  which  modifies  the  meaning 
of  verbs,  adjectives  and  other  adverbs. 

Adverbs  answer  the  following  questions: 

When?  as:  tJieii,  )un<\  soon  Io>ig,  etc.  These  are 
called  Adverbs  of  Time. 

JVherc?  as:  here,  there,  thither,  etc.  These  are 
called  Adverbs  of  Place. 

Hoiv?  as:  zvell,  ill,  szciftly,  little,  quite,  yes,  no, 
indeed.    These  are  Adverbs  of  Manner. 

JVhyf  as:  therefore,  thence,  wherefore,  etc.  These 
are  Adverbs  of  Cause  and  Effect. 

Let  the  pupils  find  the  adverbs  in  the  first  part  of 
the  lesson. 

Let  the  pupils  spell  and  explain:  judge,  tower, 
prisoner,  grieved,  plight,  wondered,  soldier,  trouble, 
cruelty,  knowledge,  ladder,  trusty,  imprisoned,  helped, 
faint,  hungry,  hopelessness,  suddenly,  rattled,  drooping, 
bounded.  Let  the  men  substitute  words  for  these  in 
the  lesson. 

Notice:  "Margaret  or  Gerard  goes  to  towm."  Two 
nouns  in  the  singular  joined  by  or  take  the  verb  in  the 


THE  PURSUIT  51 

singular.  Practice  the  pupils  in  this  rule  by  giving 
other  examples. 

Collect  the  home  work. 

For  home  work,  let  the  pupils  write  a  composition 
suggested  by  the  above  poem  to  be  memorized. 


XVI.    THE  PURSUIT 

Gerard,  Margaret,  and  Alartin  had  spent  a 
few  hours  of  the  night  in  a  small  inn,  some 
miles  from  the  city.  They  left  it  early  in  the 
morning  and  were  on  the  road  to  their  home. 
When  near  the  edge  of  a  large  wood,  they  saw 
the  Burgomaster  and  his  men  coming  after 
them.  Alartin  said:  "Straight  to  the  woods. 
Win  it!  Win  it!  and  we  will  be  safe."  The 
Burgomaster,  however,  was  on  horseback  and, 
making  a  circuit,  he  came  right  in  front  of 
the  fleeing  party  and  cut  ofif  their  entrance  to 
the  wood.  Margaret  shrieked.  The  Burgo- 
master thought  Gerard  would  dodge  him;  but 
the  young  man  did  nothing  of  the  kind.  With 
a  savage,  loud  cry,  he  flew  right  at  the  Burgo- 
master and  struck  at  him  with  an  old  oak  staff. 
The  officer  fell  under  the  horse's  tail,  his  face 
streaming  and  his  collar  stained  with  blood. 
The  next  moment  the  three  were  in  the  woods. 
The  Burgomaster's  yell  of  fear  and  revenge 


52  ENGLISH  FOR  COMING  AMERICANS 

told  them  that  now  it  was  a  race  for  hfe  or 
death.  "Follow  me,"  said  Martin.  They 
rushed  on,  and  coming  to  a  safe  place,  Martin 
said:  "They  cannot  find  us  now."  As  they 
quietly  ate  their  food,  Martin  said:  "Hush," 
and  turned  pale.  "What  is  it?"  asked  Gerard. 
"Don't  you  hear  anything?"  said  Martin.  "I 
do,"  said  the  young  man.  "It  sounds  sweet, 
and  the  sound  blends  with  the  air ;  it  is  a  long 
way  off."  "No,  no!"  said  Martin.  "It  comes 
from  the  pine  grove.  Come  on.  Let  us  reach 
a  better  place  than  this  to  stand  at  bay  and  die 
like  soldiers."  "What  is  that  sound?"  asked 
Margaret.  "W^hat  new  peril  is  it?"  "Girl," 
said  Martin,  "it  is  a  blood  hound !" 

The  old  soldier  was  white;  he  leaned  on  his 
bow,  and  both  strength  and  hope  left  him. 
Margaret  said:  "Come!  Be  a  man!  and  let 
this  end."  "I  am  coming,"  said  Martin ;  "hurry 
will  not  help  us;  we  cannot  shun  the  hounds, 
and  the  place  is  hard  by."  Soon  he  said:  "Get 
through  this  and  wait  on  the  other  side,  for  we 
must  die."  "Is  that  all  you  can  think  of?" 
said  Gerard.  "That  is  all,"  replied  the  soldier. 
"Then,  Martin,"  said  Gerard,  "I  take  the  lead; 
you  have  lost  both  heart  and  head.  Do  as  I 
do,"  and  he  began  twisting  hazel  shoots  along 
the  ground,  leaving  space  for  the  hounds  to 
come  through,  but  barring  the  way  of  the  men. 


THE  PURSUIT  53 

Martin  said:  "The  whole  village  is  after  us." 
"I  care  not,"  said  Gerard.  "This  track  is 
smooth  to  the  dog,  but  rough  to  the  men.  We 
will  deal  first  with  the  hounds,  and  then  with 
our  enemies.  Alartin,  you  stand  with  your 
bow  by  the  side  of  that  ditch ;  I  go  to  yon  oak 
tree.     Margaret,  you  stand  with  Martin." 

Very  soon  a  huge  dog  pressed  out  of  the 
thicket.  He  lowered  his  nose  for  a  moment, 
and  sprang  for  Gerard's  tree,  and  then  rolled 
head  over  heels,  dead  as  a  stone,  spitted  with 
an  arrow  from  the  bow  of  Martin.  At  that 
moment,  another  hound  came,  smelled  his  dead 
comrade,  and,  as  Gerard  rushed  out  at  him,  he 
saw  another  white  something  strike  the  hound, 
and  he  was  in  the  dust,  wounded  to  death. 

There  were  no  more  hounds,  and  Martin  was 
himself  again.  The  men  were  making  their 
way  through  the  thicket.  Gerard  ran  a  few 
yards  another  way  than  that  which  the  men 
were  taking.  Martin  and  Margaret  did  the 
same  thing.  As  they  were  running  hard, 
Martin  stopped  suddenly,  for  he  saw  the  Burgo- 
master in  front  of  him  on  horseback.  Martin 
swore,  strung  his  bow,  and  lifted  his  arrow  to 
the  string.  Margaret  hid  her  face  in  her  hands. 
Before  the  bow  was  raised,  Martin  saw  a  figure 
leap  swiftly,  like  a  hawk,  on  the  Burgomaster, 
put  a  handkerchief  over  his  mouth,  and  whirl 


54  ENGLISH  FOR  COMING  AMERICANS 

him  from  his  seat  to  the  ground.  It  was 
Gerard.  Martin  took  hold  of  Margaret  and 
pulled  her  to  the  place  where  Gerard  stood. 
She  said:  "Oh,  my  beloved,  fly!  Leave  me, 
for  I  am  faint."  "No,  no,"  said  Gerard;  "death 
together,  or  safety.  Mount  the  horse,  and  I 
will  run  by  your  side."  Martin  leaped  on  the 
horse,  Gerard  raised  Margaret  to  his  side,  and 
away  they  galloped,  followed  by  six  men.  One 
of  the  men  drew  an  arrow  and  shot  at  them. 
That  very  moment  the  horse  stepped  into  a 
rabbit  hole,  and  horse  and  riders  fell  to  the 
ground.  The  enemy  thought  surely  that  now 
they  would  catch  them.  In  another  instant, 
Martin  was  on  his  feet,  raised  his  bow,  and  at 
once  the  fellows  sought  places  of  safety.  After 
some  minutes,  they  heard  a  mocking  laugh,  as 
Martin  galloped  away  on  horseback.  All  the 
men  ran  out.  They  saw  Gerard  and  Margaret 
far  ahead,  and  the  old  soldier  following  after 
them.  They  knew  it  was  useless  to  follow, 
and  with  drooping  heads  they  returned  to  look 
after  their  chief  and  their  dogs. 

MEMORIZE 

"All  truly  great  and  noble  minds  are  al- 
ways humble.  They  are  always  modest  in 
their  lives.  Sir  Isaac  Newton,  one  of  the 
greatest  philosophers,  on  being  praised  for 
his  works,  said,  T  have  indeed  picked  up  a 


IN  QUEST  OF  FOOD  55 

few   pebbles   upon   the   shore,   but   the   great 
ocean  of  knowledge  is  still  before  me.'  " 

QUESTIONS  on  the  lesson 

Call  attention  to  Gerard's  courage — to  Martin's 
fears — to  lawlessness  when  the  law  is  opposed. 

GRAMMAR  EXERCISE 

Let  the  students  find  the  adverbs  in  the  first  part  of 
the  lesson. 

Let  the  pupils  spell  and  explain :  circuit,  straight, 
however,  horse,  fleeing,  party,  entrance,  shrieked, 
dodge,  savage,  staff,  officer,  streaming,  stained,  collar, 
hound,  handkerchief,  twisting,  village,  pressed,  sud- 
denly, safety,  leaped,  mocking.  See  if  the  students 
can  substitute  words  for  these  in  the  lesson. 

Notice:  "It  is  him/'  is  wrong,  for  the  verb  to  be 
takes  the  same  case  after  //  as  before  //.  Let  the 
pupils  illustrate  the  rule  by  other  personal  pronouns. 

"Neither  John  nor  William  is  going."  "'Margaret 
or  Gerard  or  Martin  is  going  away."  These  are 
examples  of  the  rule  given  in  the  former  lesson. 

Test  the  pupils  in  these  rules  by  giving  them  sen- 
tences which  they  can  correct. 

Collect  the  home  work. 

For  home  work,  let  the  men  write  a  composition 
describing  the  largest  woods  they  have  ever  known. 


XVII.    IN  QUEST  OF  FOOD 

As  soon  as  Margaret,  Gerard,  and  Martin 
felt  that  they  were  no  longer  followed,  they 


56  ENGLISH  FOR  COMING  AMERICANS 

rested  and  took  council  as  to  what  they  would 
do.  They  agreed  that  it  was  not  safe  to  return, 
and  that  their  safety  lay  in  getting  out  as  soon 
as  possible  from  the  country  of  the  Burgo- 
master. Martin  said  that  the  quickest  way 
was  by  again  entering  the  woods,  and  before 
night  they  would  be  in  the  land  of  the  Duke  of 
Burgandy.  This  they  did,  and  before  the  sun 
was  set  they  were  safely  housed  in  a  lonely  hut, 
where  they  spent  the  night  as  best  they  could. 

Early  the  following  morning,  Martin  went 
out  with  his  trusty  bow  in  quest  of  meat  for 
the  morning  meal.  He  knew  that  the  Duke  of 
Burgandy,  who  was  very  fond  of  hunting, 
severely  punished  anyone  who  hunted  on  his 
lands.  The  old  soldier,  however,  was  willing 
to  risk  something  for  his  young  friends,  and 
to  the  woods  he  went.  Though  old,  he  was  a 
strong  man,  broad-chested,  and  his  arms  were 
hard  as  iron. 

He  had  not  gone  far  before  he  spied  a  hare. 
He  drew  his  bow,  but  before  the  arrow  was 
sent,  he  heard  a  noise  behind  him.  Turning 
around,  he  was  just  in  time  to  see  a  noble  buck 
cross  the  open,  but  too  late  to  shoot  at  it.  In 
the  next  moment,  he  saw  a  young  spotted 
animal  gliding  swiftly  along  after  the  deer. 
He  knew  that  it  was  the  tame  leopard  belong- 
ing to  the  Duke  of  Burgandy,  who  was  also 


IN  QUEST  OF  FOOD  57 

out  hunting.  Martin  said:  "The  hunters  are 
not  far  from  here,  and  I  must  not  be  seen." 
He  plunged  into  the  woods,  following  the  buck 
and  the  leopard.  He  had  not  gone  far  when 
he  heard  an  unusual  sound  and,  turning  in  that 
direction,  saw  the  leopard  on  the  buck's  back, 
tearing  with  tooth  and  claw,  and  the  buck  run- 
ning in  a  circle,  with  the  blood  pouring  down 
its  hide.  Martin  made  up  his  mind  to  get  that 
buck.  He  took  aim  and  buried  an  arrow  in 
the  deer,  which  in  spite  of  the  leopard  on  its 
back,  bounded  high  in  the  air  and  fell  dead. 
The  leopard  went  on  tearing,  as  if  nothing  had 
happened.  Martin  hoped  that  the  beast  would 
gorge  itself  with  blood,  and  then  let  him  take 
the  meat.  He  waited  some  minutes,  then 
walked  firmly  up  and  laid  his  hand  on  the 
buck's  leg.  The  leopard  gave  a  frightful  growl, 
and  left  ofif  sucking  blood.  He  saw  Martin's 
game,  and  was  sulky  and  on  guard.  Martin 
stood  erect  and  fixed  his  eye  on  the  leopard. 
The  leopard  returned  the  savage  glance,  and 
never  took  its  eye  ofif  Martin.  As  the  old 
soldier  kept  on  looking  at  the  beast,  the  leopard 
flew  at  his  head  with  a  frightful  snarl.  Its 
eyes  were  balls  of  fire,  and  its  jaws  and  claws 
wide  open.  Martin  caught  it  by  the  throat, 
and  barely  saved  his  face  from  its  teeth.  One 
of  its  claws  seized  his  shoulder  and  rent  it; 


58  ENGLISH  FOR  COMING  AMERICANS 

the  other  aimed  at  his  cheek,  which  would 
have  been  more  deadly.  Martin  could  hardly 
keep  its  teeth  off  his  face  while  gripping  its 
throat  fiercely.  The  pain  of  the  rent  shoulder 
was  fearful,  but  the  blood  of  the  old  soldier 
was  up;  he  gnashed  his  teeth  with  rage,  just  as 
savage  as  the  brute.  The  two  pairs  of  eyes 
flamed  at  one  another.  The  animal  knew  it 
was  being  throttled,  and  made  a  fierce  struggle 
to  free  itself.  It  tore  its  claws  out  of  his 
shoulder,  flesh  and  all ;  but  Martin  held  it  with 
hand  and  arm  of  iron.  Presently,  the  long  tail 
that  was  high  in  the  air  went  down.  "Aha," 
cried  Martin  joyfully.  Next  its  body  lost  its 
strength,  and  it  was  powerless  in  Martin's 
hand.  He  gripped  it  still,  until  all  motion 
ceased,  then  dashed  it  to  the  earth.  The 
leopard  lay  mute  at  his  feet,  its  tongue  hanging 
out  of  its  mouth.  Martin  for  the  first  time  felt 
a  terror.  'T  am  a  dead  man,"  said  he.  'T 
have  slain  the  Duke's  leopard."  He  hastily 
seized  a  few  handfuls  of  leaves,  pressed  them 
on  the  wounded  shoulder,  then  seized  the  buck 
and  crept  away,  leaving  a  trail  of  blood — his 
own  and  the  buck's. 

He  reached  the  hut,  where  Margaret  and 
Gerard  were.  As  soon  as  they  knew  what  had 
happened,  they  again  moved  on  as  fast  as  they 
could  to  escape  the  Duke  of  Burgandy.,     On 


IN  QUEST  OF  FOOD  59 

the  way,  they  met  a  company  of  Gypsies,  who 
were  a  law  unto  themselves,  and  Gerard  would 
not  move  until  he  and  Margaret  were  married 
by  the  king  of  the  Gypsies.  After  the  marriage, 
he  turned  to  the  old  soldier  and  said:  "Martin, 
you  must  take  my  wife  back  to  her  father's 
house,  and  watch  over  her.  I'll  go  to  Rome. 
I  am  an  outlaw.  As  soon  as  I  get  work  as  a 
writer,  I'll  send  for  Margaret  and  we  will  make 
our  home  in  the  imperial  city."  It  was  the 
only  way  out  of  their  trouble  and,  after  many 
tears,  Margaret,  with  a  deep  heart-ache,  again 
was  on  horseback  returning  to  her  father's 
house. 

MEMORIZE 

"Have  courage,   friend. 
Be  of  good  cheer,   'tis   not   for   long, 

He  conquers  who  awaits  the  end, 
And  dares  to  sufifer  and  be  strong." 

QUESTIONS  on  the  lesson 

Call  attention  to  Martin's  courage — the  taming  of 
wild  animals — the  marriage  of  Gerard. 

GRAMMAR  EXERCISE 

Review  the  comparison  of  the  following  adverbs: 
well,  better,  best ;  ill,  worse,  worst ;  much,  more,  most ; 
far,  farther,  farthest;  forth,  further,  furthest;  late, 
later,  latest. 


60  ENGLISH  FOR  COMING  AMERICANS 

Review  the  formation  of  adverbs  from  adjectives 
by  adding  ly:  as,  a  sweet  song;  he  sings  sweet/3'. 

Review  the  comparison  of  adverbs  and  their  use 
in  sentences :  as,  he  sings  sweeter  than  his  sister ;  he 
runs  idiStest  of  all. 

Let  the  pupils  point  out  the  adverbs  in  the  first  part 
of  the  lesson  and  state  what  kind  of  adverbs  they  are. 

Let  the  pupils  spell  and  explain:  longer,  followed, 
council,  agreed,  return,  safety,  possible,  country, 
quickest,  entering,  housed,  lonely,  morning,  trusty, 
meat,  meal,  serenely,  punished,  hunted,  something. 

Let  the  pupils  take  the  second  paragraph  of  the 
story  and  classify  the  verbs  into  transitive  and  intran- 
sitive. 

Let  tlie  pupils  explain :  "anyone  who" ;  "broad- 
chested"  ;  "too  late" ;  "outlaw"  ;  "heart-ache" ;  "horse- 
back." 

Collect  the  home  work. 

For  home  work,  let  the  pupils  write  a  composition 
describing  the  home  from  which  they  came. 


XVIII.    THE  BEAR  LOVES  ITS  CUB 

Gerard,  with  a  heavy  heart,  was  now  on  his 
way  to  Lyons.  He  met  a  man,  Denys,  who 
was  going  to  the  same  city,  and  they  traveled 
together.  They  were  passing  through  a  wood, 
when  they  saw  a  young  bear  cub.  Denys 
struck  it  with  an  arrow,  and  Gerard,  with  his 
axe,  ended  its  Hfe.    As  they  marched  on,  happy 


THE   BEAR  LOVES  ITS   CUB  61 

in  having  meat  for  supper,  Gerard  heard  a 
sound  behind  him.  He  turned  around  and  saw 
a  big  bear  coming  down  the  road  about  150 
yards  away.  "Denys!"  he  cried.  "Oh,  my 
God !"  The  moment  the  bear  saw  them,  big  as 
it  was,  it  seemed  to  double  itself.  It  raised  its 
head,  opened  wide  its  swine-shaped  jaws,  and 
its  eyes  were  full  of  blood  and  flame.  On  it 
rushed,  scattering  the  leaves  about  it  like  a 
whirlwind.  "Shoot,"  cried  Denys;  but  Gerard 
stood  shaking  from  head  to  foot.  "Shoot,  man ! 
Ten  thousand  devils !  Shoot !  Too  late !  Tree ! 
Tree !"  and  he  dropped  the  cub,  pushed  Gerard 
across  the  road,  and  flew  to  the  first  tree  and 
climbed  it.  As  they  fled,  they  uttered  inhuman 
howls,  like  savages  crazed  to  death.  With  all 
their  speed,  one  or  other  would  have  been  torn 
to  pieces  at  the  foot  of  the  tree  had  not  the  bear 
stopped  a  moment  and  sniffed  at  the  cub. 

It  knew  it  was  dead,  and  gave  a  yell  such  as 
neither  of  the  hunted  ones  had  ever  heard,  and 
flew  after  Denys.  It  reared  and  struck  at  him 
as  he  climbed;  he  was  just  out  of  reach.  It 
then  seized  the  tree  with  its  huge  teeth  and, 
with  one  hit,  tore  a  great  piece  out  of  it.  It 
reared  again,  dug  its  claws  into  the  bark,  and 
began  to  mount  slowly.  Denys  thought:  "My 
hour  is  come;  let  me  meet  death  like  a  man." 
He  drew  his  long  knife,  set  his  teeth,  and  was 


62  ENGLISH  FOR  COMING  AMERICANS 

ready  to  jab  the  huge  brute  as  soon  as  it  should 
mount  within  reach.  Gerard  saw  his  friend's 
peril,  and  he  passed  at  once  from  fear  to  blind 
rage.  He  slipped  down  the  tree,  caught  up  the 
cross-bow,  and  sent  a  bolt  into  the  bear's  body. 
It  snarled  with  pain  and  rage,  and  turned  its 
head.  Denys  cried :  "Keep  aloof !  or  you  are  a 
dead  man."  "I  care  not,"  shouted  Gerard,  and 
sent  another  bolt  into  the  bear's  body.  Denys 
shouted  and  poured  out  a  volley  of  oaths,  say- 
ing: "Get  away,  idiot!" 

The  bear  slipped  down  the  tree ;  Gerard  ran 
back  to  his  tree  and  climbed  it  swiftly,  but  the 
bear  struck  with  its  fore  paw  and  took  a  piece 
out  of  Gerard's  hose.  He  heard  a  voice  say: 
"Get  out  on  the  bough."  He  did  so,  and  looking 
around,  saw  the  bear  mounting  the  tree  on  the 
other  side.  It  had  passed  the  bough  on  which 
he  was,  but  its  eye  quickly  caught  him  and 
steadily  but  quietly  it  came  to  the  fork,  crawl- 
ing nearer  to  Gerard.  He  looked  wildly  down, 
and  saw  that  he  was  forty  feet  from  the  ground. 
Death  was  below  him,  and  death  moving  slowly 
but  surely  toward  him.  His  hair  bristled,  the 
sweat  poured  from  him.  He  sat  helpless,  dazed, 
and  tongue-tied. 

In  a  mist,  he  heard  a  twang.  He  glanced 
down,  and  saw  Denys,  white  and  silent  as 
death.     The  bear  snarled  at  the  twang,  but 


THE   BEAR  LOVES  ITS   CUB  63 

crawled  on.  Again  the  cross-bow  twanged; 
the  bear  snarled  and  came  nearer.  The  third 
time  the  cross-bow  twanged,  and  the  next 
moment  the  bear  was  close  upon  Gerard.  It 
opened  its  jaws  like  a  grave,  and  hot  blood 
spouted  from  them  upon  Gerard  as  from  a 
pump.  The  bough  rocked;  the  wounded 
monster  was  reeling;  it  struck  its  claws  deep 
into  the  wood;  it  toppled;  its  claws  held  firm, 
but  its  body  rolled  off,  and  the  sudden  shock 
to  the  branch  shook  Gerard  forward  on  his 
stomach,  with  his  face  upon  one  of  the  bear's 
paws.  At  this,  by  a  last  effort,  the  bear  raised 
its  head  up  mitil  Gerard  felt  its  hot  breath. 
The  huge  teeth  snapped  together  close  below 
him,  with  baffled  rage.  The  hanging  body  rent 
the  claws  out  of  the  bough,  then  pounded  the 
earth  with  a  loud  thump. 

There  was  a  shout  of  triumph  below,  and  the 
very  next  instant  a  cry  of  fear,  for  Gerard  had 
fainted  and,  without  an  effort  to  save  himself, 
rolled  headlong  from  the  bough.  Denys  caught 
at  his  friend,  and  somewhat  checked  his  fall; 
but  his  best  friend  was  the  dying  bear,  on 
whose  hairy  body  his  head  and  shoulders 
struck.  Denys  pulled  him  off, — it  was  needless. 
The  bear  panted  still,  its  limbs  quivered,  but 
soon  it  breathed  its  last.  Gerard  came  to  by 
degrees,    and    feeling   the   bear    around   him, 


64  ENGLISH  FOR  COMING  AMERICANS 

rolled  away  yelling.  "Courage,"  cried  Denys. 
"Is  it  dead,  quite  dead?"  asked  Gerard.  "Yes, 
quite  dead." 

MEMORIZE 

''Reading  makes  a  full  man,  conference 
a  ready  man,  and  writing  an  exact  man.  If 
a  man  write  little,  he  needs  a  great  memory; 
if  he  confer  little,  he  needs  a  present  wit; 
if  he  read  little,  he  needs  much  cunning." 

QUESTIONS  on  the  lesson 

Call  attention  to  Gerard's  friendship — to  the  loyalty 
of  friends — to  the  care  of  animals  for  their  offspring. 

GRAMMAR  EXERCISE 

• 

Prepositions  join  words  together  to  show  their  rela- 
tion: as,  "Gerard  put  his  bow  on  the  floor."  Here 
two  nouns  are  joined.  "Going  to  the  same  city"; 
here  a  verb  and  a  noun  are  joined.  "Its  eyes  full  of 
blood" ;  here  an  adjective  and  a  noun  are  joined.  "A 
sound  behind  him"  ;  here  a  noun  and  a  pronoun  are 
joined. 

Prepositions  are  used  to  show  relations  of  place, 
time,  and  cause. 

Of  Place,  they  refer  to  rest,  motion,  or  both:  as, 
We  stayed  in  the  inn.  We  went  into  our  room.  We 
moved  freely  among,  the  guests. 

Of  Time:  as.  From  sunrise  to  sundown.  From 
seven  until  ten. 

Of  Cause:  as,  He  slew  him  zvith  a  dagger.  He 
fainted  zvith  weariness. 


THE  SHIPWRECK  65 

Let  the  pupils  find  the  prepositions  in  the  first  part 
of  the  lesson. 

Let  the  students  spell  and  explain :  travelled,  cub. 
arrow,  meat,  meet,  uttered,  yard,  double,  raised,  rise, 
scatter,  leaves,  whirlwind,  shaking,  bristled,  thousand, 
reeling,  toppled,  devils,  climbed,  peril,  bolt,  poured, 
oaths,  idiot,  steadily,  crawling.  Ask  the  students  to 
substitute  words  in  place  of  these  in  the  lesson. 

Notice :  That  sometimes  intransitive  verbs  take  an 
objective  case  when  the  object  is  akin  in  form  and 
meaning  to  the  verb  itself ;  as :  He  dreamed  a  dream. 
They  sang  their  song.  When  the  element  of  time  or 
space  comes  in,  answering  the  question,  how  long  or 
how  much,  we  have  nouns  following  intransitive  verbs : 
"They  zvent  for  a  three  days'  journey."  "We  zvalked 
six  miles." 

Let  the  pupils  give  the  principal  parts  of :  strike,  rise, 
stand,  fly,  tear,  dig,  begin,  meet,  set,  catch,  get,  sit, 
shake,  feel. 

Collect  the  home  work. 

For  home  work,  let  the  pupils  write  a  composition 
about  their  journey  to  America. 


XIX.    THE  SHIPWRECK 

Gerard  reached  Lyons  safely,  where  he 
hoped  to  take  ship  to  Rome.  He  went  aboard 
a  vessel  which  was  not  the  most  sea-worthy. 
It  made  the  journey  safely,  until  within  twenty 
miles  of  the  port  of  Rome.     Then  a  sudden 


66  ENGLISH  FOR  COMING  AMERICANS 

storm  arose,  blew  the  ship  out  of  its  course,  and 
between  Naples  and  Rome  was  driven  ashore. 
The  beach  was  lined  with  people,  who  watched 
the  ship  making  a  brave  fight  against  wind  and 
wave.  The  sailors  ran  wildly  about  the  deck, 
handling  the  rope  as  best  they  knew,  now  curs- 
ing and  again  praying.  The  passengers  were 
huddled  together  around  the  mast,  some  sitting, 
some  kneeling,  some  lying  on  the  floor,  grasp- 
ing hold  of  wdiat  they  could,  as  the  vessel  rolled 
and  pitched  in  the  mighty  waves.  Gerard  stood 
a  little  aside,  holding  tight  to  a  shroud  and 
wincing  at  the  sea.  His  cheeks  were  white, 
his  lips  closed  tight,  and  though  in  terror,  he 
knew  what  was  going  on  around  him. 

Suddenly  a  more  mighty  gust  came  and  tore 
off  the  sail  with  a  loud  crack,  and  sent  it  into 
the  sea.  Before  the  man  at  the  helm  could  put 
the  head  of  the  ship  before  the  wind,  a  wave 
caught  it,  swept  over  the  deck,  and  drenched 
every  one  of  the  passengers.  They  were  wet  to 
the  bone,  and  had  a  foretaste  of  w^iat  awaited 
them.  Most  lay  flat  and  prayed  to  the  sea  to 
be  merciful,  promising  gifts  to  their  favorite 
saints  if  ever  they  came  safely  to  land.  The 
ship  was  now  a  mere  plaything  in  the  arms  of 
the  big  waves.  A  Roman  woman,  of  the 
humbler  class,  sat  with  her  child  at  her  half- 
bared  breast,  silent  amid  the  crying  and  pray- 


THE  SHIPWRECK  67 

ing  throng";  her  cheek  was  ashy  pale,  her  eyes 
cahii,  and  her  hps  moved  at  times  in  silent 
prayer.  She  did  not  weep,  neither  did  she  try 
to  make  a  bargain  with  the  gods  for  her  safety. 
Whenever  the  ship  seemed  to  have  gone  under 
the  waves,  and  a  mighty  prayer  arose  from  the 
men  in  terror,  she  kissed  the  child  and  kept  him 
at  the  breast.  She  was  a  true  Roman  and 
knew  how  to  die  in  silence. 

A  big  priest  stood  on  the  poop  of  the  vessel 
with  feet  apart,  paying  little  heed  to  the  peril 
around  him.  He  said  in  a  loud  voice  verses 
from  his  prayer-book,  and  in  an  unwavering 
voice  invited  the  passengers  to  confess  to  him. 
Some  came  to  him  on  their  knees.  He  heard 
them,  laid  his  hands  on  them,  and  gave  them 
his  blessing  as  if  they  were  in  a  church,  and 
not  on  a  sinking  ship.  Gerard  got  nearer  and 
nearer  to  the  priest,  who  stood  there  without 
fear,  facing  death.  The  sailors  cut  down  the 
useless  mast,  which  fell  into  the  sea.  The  hull 
could  not  now  keep  ahead  of  the  sea,  which  hit 
it  again  and  again.  The  heavy  blows  added  to 
the  fears  of  all.  The  captain,  pale  as  death, 
left  the  helm.  He  said :  "Fling  all  cargo  over- 
board." The  captain  was  earnestly  questioned 
by  all  as  to  what  would  be  the  fate  of  the  ship. 
All  he  could  say  was:  "No  hope.  She  is 
doomed;  prepare  to  die  like  good  Christians." 


68  ENGLISH  FOR  COMING  AMERICANS 

To  the  question,  ''How  long  have  we  to  pre- 
pare?" he  replied :  "She  may  last  half  an  hour." 

While  the  people  prayed,  some  came  around 
Gerard,  and  seeing  him  erect,  said:  ''Here  is 
the  cause  of  all.  He  has  not  prayed ;  he  has  not 
called  on  a  single  saint.  He  is  a  heathen,  he  is 
a  pagan."  "Alas,  good  friends,"  said  Gerard, 
with  his  teeth  chattering,  "say  not  so.  I  do 
honor  the  saints,  but  they  will  not  have  time  to 
plead  our  case.  I'll  pray  to  God  direct.  Our 
Father,  which  art  in  heaven,  save  these  poor 
souls  and  me.  Oh!  sweet  Jesus,  pitiful  Jesus, 
thou  didst  save  Peter  sinking  in  the  sea.  Oh ! 
save  poor  Gerard — for  dear  Margaret's  sake." 

At  this  moment  the  sailors  made  ready  to 
leave  the  ship.  Some,  unable  to  move,  sat  still ; 
others  ran  to  and  fro,  wringing  their  hands. 
The  priest  stood  calmly  as  the  ship  was  sinking, 
and  so  did  the  Roman  woman,  who  sat  pale  and 
patient,  drawing  the  child  closer  to  her  bosom. 
Gerard  saw  the  sailors  take  the  only  boat  on 
the  ship,  and  he  cried:  "See,  see,  they  leave 
the  poor  woman  and  her  child  to  die."  This 
awoke  his  manhood.  He  went  to  the  poor 
woman  and  said:  "Wife,  I'll  save  thee  yet, 
please  God."  He  ran  to  find  a  cask  or  a  plank, 
but  finding  none,  his  eye  fell  on  the  wooden 
image  of  the  Virgin.  He  caught  it  and  carried 
it  to  the  mother  and  child  and  said:  "Come, 


THE  SHIPWRECK  69 

wife,  I'll  lash  thee  and  the  child  to  this."  The 
mother  turned  her  large  dark  eyes  on  him  and 
said  simply:  "Thyself?"  Gerard  said  softly: 
'T  am  a  man  and  have  no  child  to  take  care  of." 
He  lashed  her  to  the  image,  and  then  said: 
"Come  while  there  is  time."  She  turned  her 
eyes  wet  with  tears,  and  looked  on  him,  and 
said:  "Poor  youth!  God  forgive  me!  My 
child!"  He  put  her  on  the  water  and  with  an 
oar  pushed  her  away  from  the  ship. 

The  priest  had  watched  him,  and  as  soon  as 
the  deed  was  done,  he  put  his  hand  on  Gerard's 
shoulder  and  said:  "Well  done.  Come  with 
me."  Both  men  went  to  the  broken  mast;  by 
hard  work  they  got  out  the  remainder  of  it. 
They  flung  it  into  the  sea  and  followed  it.  The 
mast  rose  and  plunged  with  each  wave,  but 
both  men  clung  to  it  and  got  to  land.  As 
Gerard  stood  by  the  sea,  watching  his  late  com- 
panions washed  ashore,  a  hand  was  laid  lightly 
on  his  shoulder.  It  was  the  Roman  mother. 
She  took  his  hand  gently,  raised  it  slowly  to 
her  lips,  and  kissed  it.  Then  with  a  face  bathed 
in  a  sweet  smile,  and  eyes  that  were  moist,  she 
held  her  child  up  and  made  him  kiss  Gerard. 
He  kissed  the  child  again  and  again,  but  could 
say  nothing.  The  mother  did  not  speak,  only 
as  her  eyes,  her  cheeks,  and  gestures  thanked 
the  young  man  who  saved  their  lives. 


70  ENGLISH  FOR  COMING  AMERICANS 

MEMORIZE 

"So  long  Thy  power  hath  blest  me,  sure  it  still 

Will  lead  me  on, 
O'er  moor  and  fen,  o'er  crag  and  torrent,  till 

The  night  is  gone; 
And  with  the  morn  those  angel  faces  smile. 
Which  I  have  loved  long  since,  and  lost  a  while." 

QUESTIONS  on  the  lesson 

Call  attention  to  the  character  of  the  priest — to 
Gerard's  thoughtfulness — to  the  mother  and  child. 

GRAMMAR  EXERCISE 

Conjunctions   join   words  and  sentences :   as.   The 
priest  and  Gerard  threw  themselves  into  the  sea. 
There  are  two  kinds  of  Conjunctions. 

1.  Those  which  join  independent  sentences:  as,  "The 
ship  sank  and  the  passengers  were  washed  ashore." 
They  are  called  Coordinate  Conjunctions. 

2.  Those  which  join  a  principal  sentence  wath  one 
dependent  on  it:  as,  "Gerard  was  angry  because  the 
sailors  left  the  woman  to  perish."  These  are  called 
Subordinate  Conjunctions. 

Let  the  pupils  find  the  conjunctions  in  the  second 
paragraph  of  the  lesson. 

Let  the  pupils  spell  and  explain :  aboard,  seaworthy, 
journey,  sudden,  driven,  ashore,  cursing,  praying,  pas- 
sengers, huddled,  kneeling,  pitched,  shroud,  suddenly, 
drenched,  foretaste,  favorite,  saint,  bargain,  silence, 
confess,  captain,  overboard,  earnestly,  chattering. 

Let  the  pupils  find  the  prepositions  in  the  first  para- 
graph of  the  lesson. 


IN  ROME  71 

Collect  the  home  work. 

For  home  work,  let  the  pupils  write  a  composition 
describing:  their  vovagfe  over  the  sea. 


XX.    IN  ROME 

Gerard  reached  the  "Eternal  City,"  and  took 
a  room  in  a  house  on  the  west  bank  of  the  Tiber. 
He  then  went  in  search  of  work,  and  carried 
with  him  a  sample  of  his  writing.  He  went 
from  shop  to  shop  to  show  his  copy,  and  was 
coldly  received.  They  found  every  fault  with 
his  work  and  saw  in  it  no  merit.  He  learned 
how  to  copy  Greek,  as  well  as  Latin ;  but  could 
find  no  work.  The  landlady,  with  whom  he 
stayed,  took  a  liking"  to  him  and  asked  him  one 
day  to  dine  with  her.  He  told  her  all  his 
troubles,  and  that  he  could  not  find  anyone  to 
employ  him.  "Those  sly  traders,"  she  said; 
"you  write  too  well  for  them.  Your  work  would 
be  the  end  of  all  those  whom  they  now  serve. 
I'll  insure  you  the  success  you  deserve,  in  spite 
of  the  booksellers." 

The  following  day  the  good  landlady  spoke 
to  her  friend,  Teresa,  who  gave  her  the  names 
of  five  men  who  wanted  copying  done.  Gerard 
took  down  their  names,  took  samples  of  his 
work  to  their  home,  but  nothing  came  of  it. 


72  ENGLISH  FOR  COMING  AMERICANS 

He  was  now  facing  hunger,  and  his  clothes 
were  fast  showing  the  signs  of  wear.  While 
he  was  mending  a  rent  in  his  hose  one  morning, 
the  landlady  came  into  the  room  and  said:  "I 
want  you  to  come  and  talk  to  Teresa."  He 
went  and  was  surprised  to  find  that  Teresa  was 
the  Roman  matron  he  had  saved  on  board  the 
ship.  ''Ah,  madam,  it  is  you,"  said  he.  "And 
how  is  the  fair-haired  boy?"  ''He  is  well," 
said  Teresa.  "Why,"  said  the  landlady,  "what 
are  you  talking  about,  and  why  tremble  you  so, 
Teresa?"  "He  saved  my  child's  life,"  she  said, 
trying  hard  to  quiet  the  beating  of  her  heart. 
"What,  my  lodger?"  And  turning  to  Gerard 
she  said :  "And  you  never  told  me  a  word  about 
it?    You  ought  to  be  ashamed  of  3^ourself." 

Teresa  soon  learned  all  that  was  done  and 
she  smiled  at  Gerard's  simplicity.  "What," 
said  she,  "did  you  think  your  work  would  reach 
the  masters  without  giving  a  fee  to  the  ser- 
vants? You  might  as  well  have  flung  it  into 
the  Tiber."  She  soon  thought  out  a  plan,  then 
both  she  and  Gerard  went  in  search  of  a  man 
who  would  be  glad  to  employ  him.  They  wan- 
dered from  street  to  street,  until  at  last  they 
came  to  a  glove  shop.  The  glove  seller  told 
them  to  go  to  Father  Colonna,  who  would 
doubtless  employ  him  if  he  was  a  master  in  his 
craft,  for,  said  he,  "he  is  a  wild  beast  against 


IN  ROME  73 

all  bungles."  ''Have  no  fears,"  said  Teresa. 
"I  will  answer  for  his  ability;  he  saved  my 
child." 

The  following  morning  Gerard  went  to  the 
house  where  the  friar  lived.  He  was  now 
wiser  and  gave  a  fee  to  the  servant  who  at 
once  took  him  to  the  room  of  the  seignior.  He 
looked  at  Gerard  and  said :  "Young  man,  show 
me  how  you  write,"  and  throwing  him  a  piece  of 
paper,  he  pointed  to  the  inkhorn.  "So  please 
you,  reverend  father,  my  hand  trembles  too 
much  at  this  moment;  but  last  night  I  wrote  a 
page  of  Greek,  and  the  Latin  is  alongside  of 
it,  to  show  you  my  work."  "Show  it  me,"  said 
the  friar.  Gerard  gave  him  the  work  in  fear 
and  trembling,  and  then  stood,  sick  at  heart, 
to  see  what  he  would  say.  He  did  not  have 
long  to  wait,  and  to  his  surprise  the  friar  came 
and  threw  his  arms  around  his  neck. 

Friar  Colonna  was  charmed  with  his  new 
artist,  and  he  began  to  sing  aloud  his  praises 
among  men  who  wanted  writing  done.  Soon 
these  men  wanted  the  priest  to  give  up  Gerard 
to  them.  When  the  friar  told  the  young  copyist 
that  princes  wanted  his  services,  he  replied, 
"I  am  so  happy  with  you,  father."  "Fiddle- 
sticks!" said  the  friar,  "happy  with  me.  You 
must  not  be  happy,  you  must  be  a  man  of  the 
world.    These  princes  can  pay  you  three  times 


74  ENGLISH  FOR  COMING  AMERICANS 

as  much  as  I  can,  and  they  shall  too."  So  the 
friar  clapped  a  high  price  on  Gerard's  pen,  and 
they  employed  him  without  a  murmur. 

Gerard  soon  became  a  pet  with  noblemen 
and  women.  He  never  lost  his  head,  however. 
He  knew  there  was  a  steel  hand  under  the 
velvet  glove.  He  had  the  honor  of  sitting  at 
the  table  of  the  most  influential  Cardinal  in 
Rome,  and  before  many  months  were  passed, 
he  was  employed  to  copy  a  book  for  the  Pope 
himself.  Gerard  was  very  happy,  and  took 
great  care  of  the  money  he  made.  He  kept  his 
humble  lodging,  for  he  thought  that  the  more 
he  saved  the  sooner  he  would  again  see  Mar- 
garet. "In  a  year  or  two,"  thought  he,  "I'll 
return  by  sea  to  Holland  with  a  good  store  of 
money  and  set  up  with  my  beloved  Margaret  in 
Antwerp,  and  end  there  our  days  in  peace,  and 
love,  and  health,  and  happy  labor."  His  heart 
never  strayed  an  instant  from  his  beloved. 

MEMORIZE 

"To  rule  was  not  enough  for  Napoleon. 
He  wanted  to  amaze,  to  dazzle,  to  overpower 
men's  souls,  by  striking,  bold,  grand,  and  un- 
expected results.  He  wanted  to  reign  through 
wonder  and  awe,  by  the  greatness  and  terror 
of  his  name,  by  deeds  which  would  rivet  on 
him  every  eye,  and  make  him  the  theme  of 
every  tongue," 


THERE  IS  GOOD  IN  EVERY  MAN  75 

QUESTIONS  on  the  lesson 

Call  attention  to  Gerard's  struggles — to  the  help  of 
the  woman — to  the  dangers  of  success. 

GRAMMAR  EXERCISE 

See  if  the  pupils  can  tell  what  parts  of  speech  are 
in  the  first  sentence. 

Test  them  in  spelling:  eternal,  sample,  revived, 
fault,  landlady,  trouble,  trader,  insure,  deserve,  hunger, 
rent,  surprise,  tremble,  ashamed,  simplicity,  wandered, 
bunglers,  ability,  surprise,  service,  clapped,  murmur. 

Ask  the  pupils  to  parse:  "Write  too  well."  "They 
shall  pay  too."     "To  buy  some  paper."- 

Call  attention  to:  "Both  she  and  Gerard  went,"  as 
a  sample  of  the  use  of  a  coordinate  conjunction. 

Ask  the  meaning  of  "a  man  of  the  world."  "A 
steel  hand  under  the  velvet  glove." 

Write  on  the  blackboard  the  following,  letting  the 
students  correct  them  and  give  their  reason:  "She 
plays  good."  "I  told  she  the  truth."  "His  foots  were 
sore."  "Which  is  the  strongest,  John  or  James?" 
"The  boys  which  ran  away  done  it." 

Collect  the  home  work. 

For  home  work,  let  the  pupils  write  a  composition 
about  some  great  man  whom  they  have  known. 


XXI.  THERE  IS  GOOD  IN  EVERY 
MAN 

When  Gerard  walked  from  house  to  house 
at  the  side  of  Teresa,  he  noticed  a  man  follow- 


76  ENGLISH  FOR  COMING  AMERICANS 

ing  them;  so  he  told  her:  "Madam,  we  are 
dogged.  I  notice  a  man  that  follows  us,  some- 
times afar,  sometimes  close."  "I  have  seen 
him,"  said  Teresa.  "It  is  my  husband,"  and  her 
cheek  colored  faintly.  She  stopped,  beckoned 
with  her  finger,  and  the  figure  drew  near. 
When  he  came,  she  looked  him  full  in  the  face 
and  said :  "My  husband,  know  this  young  man, 
of  whom  I  have  often  spoken  to  you.  Know 
him  and  love  him,  for  he  it  was  who  saved  thy 
wife  and  child."  At  this,  the  man  who  had 
bowed  and  grinned  before,  changed  at  once 
and  warmly  threw  his  arms  around  Gerard. 

The  young  man  went  home  and,  while  talking 
to  Andre,  his  friend,  said  that  he  met  Teresa's 
husband.  "I  know  him,"  said  Andre;  "he  is 
unworthy  of  Teresa,  but  she  clings  to  him." 
Gerard  said:  "I  felt  uneasy  as  he  followed  us, 
and  fear  did  not  pass  wholly  away  when  he 
embraced  me."  "Well  may  you,"  replied  his 
friend,  "  for  he  is  a  chief  of  the  most  terrible 
vendetta  in  Rome."  A  shudder  went  through 
Gerard.  Andre  saw  him  turn  pale  and  added: 
"I  know  that  man,  and  although  he  is  an 
assassin,  there  is  some  good  in  him.  When  he 
is  on  the  trail  of  a  victim,  he  knows  no  pity, 
but  I  have  known  him  to  exercise  as  much 
tenderness  as  the  Roman  matron  you  saved  did 
to  her  child."     "I.  suppose,"  said  Gerard,  "he 


THERE  IS  GOOD  IN  EVERY  MAN  77 

feels  some  love  toward  me  for  saving  his  child, 
but  I  thought  more  of  his  stiletto  than  his  love 
when  he  threw  his  arms  around  my  neck." 
"That  may  be;  but  that  man  loves  his  wife  and 
child,  and  you  need  fear  no  harm  from  him  as 
long  as  you  are  in  Rome.  I  believe  he  would 
protect  you  against  the  vendetta."  "You  seem 
to  have  strong  faith  in  him,"  said  Gerard;  "tell 
me  your  reason." 

"I  will  tell  you  a  story,"  said  Andre.  "I  am 
a  doctor,  but  have  not  had  much  luck.  One 
thing,  however,  I  have  learned  in  my  work,  that 
it  is  worth  while  to  find  good  whenever  you  can. 
I  have  had  to  drag  through  the  slums  and 
sewers  of  this  wicked  city  for  some  years,  and 
down  in  the  lowest  depths  I  have  found  good- 
ness and  have  felt  thankful  for  it,  without  ask- 
ing questions  about  quality  and  quantity.  I 
find  that  men  are  made  up  of  a  mixture  of  good 
and  evil,  and  it  is  so  down  in  the  lowest,  as 
well  as  in  the  highest.  That  is  the  case  with 
this  man  of  whom  we  are  talking. 

"When  the  two  rival  parties  in  Rome  get  on 
the  'war  path,'  the  cruel  things  done  in  this 
city  are  more  than  all  the  priests  and  the  Pope 
can  cure.  A  few  years  ago  it  was  open  war- 
fare between  them,  and  a  part  of  the  city  was 
destroyed.  I  went  to  serve  the  wounded,  and 
being  faint  from  work,  I  could  not  leave  the 


78  ENGLISH  FOR  COMING  AMERICANS 

field,  where  a  dreadful  battle  had  been  fought. 
So  I  fell  down  on  a  knoll  exhausted  and  slept. 
The  place  was  full  of  miasma  and  the  cold  was 
deadly.  Men  who  get  chilled  through  with  the 
cold,  and  into  whose  body  the  fever  enters,  die. 
I  was  lying  on  the  bare  ground,  and  could  not 
do  anything  for  myself.  I  was  too  poor  to  have 
an  overcoat,  and  there  I  slept  the  sleep  of  a 
soul  tired  to  death.  After  a  few  hours,  I  awoke, 
and  found  myself  covered  with  warm  clothes, 
and  beside  me  sat  that  husband  of  Teresa, 
shivering.  A  cold  fog  was  upon  us,  but  there 
that  man  sat,  watching  over  me,  while  death 
was  staring  him  in  the  face.  When  I  asked 
him  why  he  had  done  it,  all  he  said  was,  'You've 
been  kind  to  my  friend.'  I  knew  that  he  was 
an  assassin;  that  he  gambled  and  was  a  cut- 
throat. I  knew  that  if  any  man  was  ripe  for 
the  gallows,  he  was;  and  yet  I  could  not  feel 
that  all  in  his  heart  was  of  the  devil.  I  fully 
believe  that  he  saved  my  life  that  night.  I 
cannot  forget  him,  and  don't  think  God  will, 
when  he  comes  before  Him  in  the  last  day." 

While  Andre  was  telling  this  story,  Teresa's 
husband  was  in  a  room  richly  furnished,  the 
floor  covered  with  the  costly  skins  of  animals, 
and  in  front  of  him  sat  a  lady  w^ith  clenched 
fists,  face  pale  and  red  by  turns,  and  her  foot 
restless.    She  had  on  a  little  black  mask,  and 


THERE  IS  GOOD  IN  EVERY  MAN  79 

the  contrast  between  the  black  mask  and  her 
purple  cheek  was  strange  and  fearful.  The 
lady  said:  "They  have  told  you  for  what  you 
are  wanted?"  "Yes,  signora."  "Did  those 
who  spoke  to  you  agree  as  to  what  you  are  to 
receive?"  "Yes,  signora,  'tis  the  full  price — 
the  price  of  the  greater  vendetta,  if  the  lady 
does  not  choose  the  lesser."  "I  don't  under- 
stand you,"  said  the  lady.  "Ah,  this  is  the 
signora's  first.  The  lesser  vendetta  is  the  death 
of  the  body  only.  We  watch  the  man  come 
out  of  church  and  deal  with  him.  In  the 
greater,  we  catch  him  hot  from  some  unre- 
pented  sin,  and  so  slay  his  soul  as  well  as  his 
body."  "Man,  hold  your  tongue;  I  have  no 
quarrel  with  his  soul."  "So  be  it,  signora." 
"Are  you  sure  of  your  hand?"  asked  the  lady. 
The  bravo  showed  her  a  steel  gauntlet  and 
said:  "This  is  our  mallet."  He  then  undid  his 
doublet  and  gave  her  a  glimpse  of  a  coat  of 
mail  beneath,  and  finally  laid  his  glittering 
stiletto  on  tTie  table  with  a  flourish.  The  lady 
shuddered,  and  for  a  moment  a  sudden  gleam 
of  pity  came  over  her  soul  as  she  asked:  "Do 
I  not  well  to  remove  a  traitor  who  slanders 
me?"  "The  signora  will  settle  that  with  her 
confessor.  I  am  but  a  tool  in  noble  hands." 
The  lady  said:  "Go,  do  your  work."  "It  is  the 
custom    to    pay    half    the    price    beforehand, 


80  ENGLISH  FOR  COMING  AMERICANS 

signora."  "Ah,  I  forgot.  Here  is  more  than 
half,"  and  she  pushed  a  bag  across  the  table  to 
him.  "When  the  blow  is  struck,  come  for  the 
rest."  "You  will  soon  see  me  again,  signora," 
and  retiring  Teresa's  husband  went  to  work 
to  carry  out  the  lesser  vendetta  on  Gerard. 

MEMORIZE 

"Be  just,  and  fear  not. 
Let  all  the  ends  thou  aimest  at  be  thy  country's, 
Thy  God's,  and  Truth's ;  then,  if  thou  fallest, 
Thou  fallest  a  blessed  martyr." 

QUESTIONS  on  the  lesson 

GRAMMAR  EXERCISE 

Let  the  pupils  spell :  throw,  embrace,  terrible, 
assassin,  tenderness,  protect,  against,  gamble,  covered, 
shivering,  forget,  furnished,  covered,  animal,  clenched, 
contrast,  understand,  unrepented,  quarrel,  glimpse, 
beneath,  glittering,  flourish,  shuddered,  confessor. 

Let  them  give  the  principal  parts  of  the  verbs:  tell, 
throw,  draw,  sit,  speak,  choose,  catch,  slay,  hold,  lay, 
go,  forget,  strike,  sleep. 

Explain:  "On  the  war  path."  "Sure  of  your  hand." 
"The  lowest  and  the  highest." 

Let  the  pupils  find  the  conjunctions  in  the  first 
paragraph  of  the  lesson. 

Test  the  pupils  in  correcting  the  following  and  ask 
them  the  reason  for  the  correction :  "I  and  John  goes 
to  school."  "Neither  I  nor  John  go  to  school."  "They 
walk  slow."     "The  wifes  are  leaving."     "Yesterday 


NEWS  FROM  HOME  81 

his  happiness  is  complete."  "You  was  in  school."  "I 
says  to  James  and  James  says  to  I."  "You  don't  give 
me  nothing." 

Test  the  pupils  in  parsing:  "Gerard  walked  at  her 
side."  "I  will  tell  you  a  story."  "All  is  not  of  the 
devil." 

Collect  the  home  work. 

For  home  work  let  the  pupils  write  a  composition 
about  the  worst  man  whom  thev  have  known. 


XXII.     NEWS  FROM  HOME 

When  Gerard  returned  home  one  afternoon 
he  was  very  happy.  The  landlady  saw  his 
joy  and  asked,  "What  is  it  ?"  "Am  I  not  happy, 
madam?"  said  he.  "I  am  going  back  to  my 
sweetheart  with  money  in  one  pocket,  and  land 
in  the  other."  "Well,  what  a  pity,"  said  she, 
"for  I  thought  of  making  you  a  little  happier 
with  a  letter  from  Holland."  "A  letter  for 
me?  Where?  Where?"  She  gave  him  the 
letter.  He  tore  it  open  and  read:  "Gerard,  my 
beloved  son,  this  letter  brings  thee  heavy  news. 
Know  that  Margaret  died  on  Sunday  last.  The 
last  word  on  her  lips  was  'Gerard.  Tell  him  I 
pray  for  him  at  my  last  hour,  and  bid  him  pray 
for  me.'  "  The  letter  dropped  to  the  floor,  and 
a  grating  laugh  came  from  the  young  man, 


82  ENGLISH  FOR  COMING  AMERICANS 

who  said :  "Oh,  my  heart !  I'm  choking.  I'll 
run  to  the  top  of  the  highest  church  tower  in 
Rome  and  fling  myself  ofl  it,  cursing  heaven. 
Ah!  Ah!  Ah!  there  is  no  God."  He  seized 
his  hat  and  ran  furiously  about  the  streets  for 
hours. 

Towards  sunset  he  came  back  white  as  a 
ghost.    He  crept  into  the  house  bent  and  feeble 
as   an  old  man.     He   refused  all   food.     He 
would  not  speak,  but  sat  with  staring  eyes, 
saying  now  and  again:   "There  is  no  God." 
The  good  landlady  came  and  sat  with  him,  try- 
ing to  soothe  him.    Gerard  heeded  her  no  more 
than  the  chair  on  which  she  sat.     She  had  a 
crucifix,  and  holding  it  before  him,  she  prayed : 
"Maria,  mother  of  God,  help  him."    Suddenly, 
he  jumped  up,  struck  the  crucifix  rudely  aside 
with  a  curse,  and  made  a  dash  at  the  door. 
The  woman  shrieked.     Before  he  reached  the 
door,   something  stopped  him  and  he  turned 
around  like  a  top.     He  whirled  around  twice, 
with  arms  extended,  then  he  fell  like  a  log  on 
the  floor,  and  blood  came  from  his  nostrils  and 
ears.     On  the  second  day,  he  was  raving  with 
brain  fever.    On  the  fifth  day,  the  doctor  gave 
him  up.     At  sunset  that  same  day  he  fell  into 
a  deep  sleep  and  slept  sixty  hours.     When  he 
awoke,  a  kind  priest  was  at  his  side.     He  told 
him  that  the  Church  gives  peace  to  troubled 


NEWS  FROM  HOME  83 

hearts,  but  Gerard  was  not  to  be  consoled.  As 
soon  as  the  priest  was  gone,  he  cried  for  his 
Margaret,  and  shouted :  "Idiot !  Idiot !  to  leave 
her  for  a  moment." 

When  the  good  woman  returned,  she  saw 
Gerard  putting  on  his  clothes.  She  tried  to 
stop  him,  but  he  said:  ''Why  should  I  lie  here? 
Can  I  find  her?"  "What  would  you  then?" 
"Death,"  was  his  reply.  Out  Gerard  went. 
As  he  was  going,  he  said:  "I  have  served  God 
as  well  as  I  could,  and  this  is  my  reward.  Now 
I'll  serve  the  devil."  He  now  gave  himself  up 
to  wine,  women,  gambling — whatever  helped 
him  to  forget  himself  and  drown  his  memory 
of  her.  The  large  sums  he  had  set  aside  for 
Margaret  gave  him  ample  means  to  rush  head- 
long into  folly.  He  left  the  kind  old  lady  who 
had  been  so  good  to  him  and  took  lodging  in 
another  part  of  the  city.  His  companions  were 
idle  rakes  who  knew  no  labor  and  whose  joy 
was  to  drink  foul  waters,  such  as  Gerard  now 
wallowed  in.  He  thus  in  a  short  while  became 
one  of  the  wildest,  loosest,  and  wickedest 
youths  of  a  wicked  city.  One  day,  when  his 
money  was  well  nigh  gone,  he  and  other  wild 
youths  were  in  a  boat  going  up  the  Tiber.  It 
was  a  gay  company  of  men  and  women  bent 
on  enjoyment.  As  they  glided  along,  a  galley 
passed  them,  and  on  it  a  noble  lady,  whose  love 


84  ENGLISH  FOR  COMING  AMERICANS 

Gerard    had    spurned,    and    to    avoid    whose 
vengeance  he  had  resolved  to  leave  Rome,  when 
that  fateful  letter  came  from  Holland.     She 
saw  and  knew  Gerard.  The  young  man  blushed 
and  was  ashamed  to  be  seen  by  her  in  such 
company.      That   night    she    summoned    once 
more  Teresa's  husband,  that  he  might  finish  the 
work  he  failed  to  do  four  months  previously. 
Four  days  after  this,  Gerard  left  a  note  to 
his  friend  Andre,  which  read :  "Life  is  too  great 
a  burden."     He  filled  his  pockets  with  all  the 
silver  he  possessed,  his  purpose  being  to  throw 
himself  into  the  Tiber.     He  went  to  a  shop, 
and  looking  around  to  see  that  no  one  was 
near,  he  saw  a  single  figure  leaning  against  the 
corner   of   the   alley.      He    strolled   carelessly 
away,  but  returned  to  the  same  spot ;  but  again 
he  saw  the  same  figure  coming  out  of  a  side 
street.    Gerard  said:  "Can  he  be  watching  me? 
Can  he  know  what  I  am  here  for  ?"    He  walked 
briskly  along  a  street  or  two,  then  returned. 
The  man  disappeared,  but  when  he  came  back 
again  and  looked  around,  the  man  was  only  a 
few  yards  from  him.     He  saw  a  steel  gauntlet 
in  his   hand,   and  he  knew   that  he   was   an 
assassin.    He  never  thought  he  was  seeking  his 
life,  and  so,  walking  up  to  the  man,  he  said :  "My 
good  friend,  lend  me  your  arm.     One  stroke! 
Here  is  all  I  have,"  and  he  thrust  all  his  money 


NE^S  FROM  HOME  85 

into  the  bravo's  hand.  "Pray  thee,  one  good 
deed,  and  rid  me  of  this  hateful  hfe,"  and  while 
speaking  he  bared  his  bosom.  The  man  stared 
in  his  face.  ''Why  do  you  not  strike  ?  Because 
I  am  poor.  Well,  turn  your  head  then  and 
hold  your  tongue."  At  this,  Gerard  ran  and 
flung  himself  into  the  river.  When  the  bravo 
heard  the  splash  in  the  water,  he  ran  and 
plunged  in  after  the  would-be  suicide. 

When  Gerard  next  came  to  himself,  he  was 
in  the  great  chamber  in  a  convent,  and  at  his 
side  the  priest  whom  he  had  met  on  board  ship, 
''How  came  I  here?"  asked  Gerard.  "By  the 
hand  of  heaven,"  said  his  w^atcher.  He  then 
fell  into  a  sleep,  and  when  he  awoke  again,  he 
found  another  watcher  at  his  side.  The  man 
asked  how  he  felt.  "Very  weak,"  said  Gerard. 
He  looked  at  the  man  and  asked :  "Where  have 
I  met  you  before?"  "I  am  Teresa's  husband, 
and  the  one  who  saved  you  from  the  waters  of 
the  Tiber."  "And  it  was  you  I  asked  to  strike 
me  ?"  "Yes,  and  if  it  were  anyone  else  but  you, 
I  would  have  done  it,  but  how  could  I  look  my 
Teresa  in  the  face  if  I  had  killed  you,  or  let 
you  die  by  the  very  death  from  which  you  saved 
her  ?  I  put  you  on  my  back,  and  said,  'Teresa 
will  nurse  him  to  life.'  But  the  priest  w^ho  was 
on  the  ship  saw  me  carrying  you.  He  said  he 
knew  you,  and  so  brought  you  in  here.     I  let 


86  ENGLISH  FOR  COMING  AMERICANS 

you  go  on  the  promise  that  I  should  be  allowed 
to  visit  you  once  a  day." 

Gerard  closed  his  eyes — not  to  sleep,  but  to 
think.  Saved  from  death  by  an  assassin  sent  to 
kill  him.  Was  not  this  the  hand  of  heaven? 
He  tried  to  pray.  The  organ  of  the  church  at 
that  moment  sent  out  solemn  harmony,  and 
the  voices  of  the  choir  came  through  the  air. 
Among  them  was  the  voice  of  a  boy, — sweet, 
full,  pure,  angelic.  He  remembered  the  days 
of  his  boyhood.  The  tears  ran  copiously  down 
his  cheeks.  He  prayed,  and  peace,  sweet  peace, 
came  into  his  soul.  He  sighed:  "The  Church 
is  peace  of  mind.  Till  I  left  her  bosom,  I  knew 
no  sorrow,  no  sin."  The  good  prior  came. 
Gerard  poured  his  soul  before  him  and  vowed 
his  life  to  the  service  of  the  Church. 

MEMORIZE 

"The  way  of  peace  is  to  always  try  to  do 
the  will  of  another  rather  than  our  own.  To 
choose  rather  to  want  less  than  to  have  more. 
To  choose  the  lowest  place  and  to  be  humble 
to  all.  To  desire  and  pray  that  the  will  of 
God  may  be  fulfilled  in  us." 

QUESTIONS  on  the  lesson 

Call  attention  to  Gerard's  distress — to  the  character 


NEWS  FROM  HOME  87 

of  the  worthless  husband — to  the  refuge  offered  by  the 
Church. 

GRAMMAR  EXERCISE 

Let  the  pupils  spell :  afternoon,  pocket,  grating,  furi- 
ously, towards,  crucifix,  whirled,  extended,  consoled, 
gambling,  memory,  companions,  wallowed,  wicked, 
enjoyment,  spumed,  summoned,  figure,  corner,  strolled, 
hateful,  tongue,  suicide,  chamber,  moment,  solemn. 

Let  the  pupils  find  the  prepositions  and  conjunctions 
in  the  first  section  of  the  lesson. 

Let  them  parse  the  following:  "Gerard  closed  his 
eyes."  "He  tried  hard  to  pray."  "Peace,  sweet  peace, 
came  into  his  soul."  "He  vowed  his  life  to  the  service 
of  the  Church." 

Let  the  students  correct  the  following  and  give  the 
reason  for  the  corrections :  "I  thinks  we  may  go." 
"The  baby's  teeths  are  four."  "I  can  learn  you." 
"Mary  and  Gretchen  knows  the  song."  "The  tinyest 
bird  just  passed  us."     "Come,  let  they  go." 

Ask  for  the  principal  parts  of  the  following  verbs : 
think,  try,  send,  run,  meet,  fall,  awake,  stop,  help, 
drink,  become,  leave,  go,  spend,  wet,  read,  lead,  light, 
spell,  tell,  pay,  mean,  buy. 

Collect  the  home  work. 


University  of  California 

SOUTHERN  REGIONAL  LIBRARY  FACILITY 

305  De  Neve  Drive  -  Parking  Lot  17  •  Box  951388 

LOS  ANGELES,  CALIFORNIA  90095-1388 

Return  this  material  to  the  library  from  which  it  was  borrowed. 


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